It is difficult to estimate the quantity and quality of the necessary entrepreneurial knowledge and assess the effects of such entrepreneurship education, i.e. whether it has met the set criteria sufficiently. Empirical practice lacks empirical studies that would base the competences of entrepreneurial learning upon the direct assessment of learning outcomes, the outcomes related to the knowledge of opportunities for professional orientation and the knowledge of the business environment, the created framework picture of entrepreneurship, employment opportunities and obstacles. In this paper, the direct effect of entrepreneurial learning in a secondary-education and a higher-education institution of the economic path was estimated through a qualitative approach, after the established conceptual framework and furthermore through the respondents' answers to the survey questions. Therefore, a contribution was made by making a step forward in the evaluation of entrepreneurial learning through a direct assessment of the raised awareness of entrepreneurship. The indirect indicators used were the gender and the education level, i.e. the difference in the respondents' answers according to their respective gender and the school they are attending (secondary school or vocational school). The obtained results assess the level of the respondents' basic entrepreneurial culture and their knowledge, as well as entrepreneurial preferences.

In recent time, raspberry production, both in the open field and in protected areas, has been expanding. The rapid growth in demand for this fruit species either as fresh or frozen, encourage the producers to intensify its production, initiating certain, not so small investments. This research is focused on raspberry production organised at farm that has available a production capacity embodied in 13 identical greenhouses settled at the one-hectare plot located at the territory of the municipality of Požega, Republic of Serbia. The greenhouses are 15x50 m in size, while they are connected in a block system. The research was carried out during the 2020. The analysis has covered primary data obtained at the selected farm that are linked to third year of raspberry plantation use, i.e. the second year of full yielding. The main goal of the paper is to assess the energetic efficiency of raspberry production organised in protected area (type tunnel). Derived results have been indicated that this type of production in a protected area generates low energy value, as well as it shows adequate energy efficiency, while ensuring the high yielding.

The aim of this paper is to explore the International Fisher Effect (IFE) between Serbia and European Union (EU) in period between 2004 and 2015. The authors in this paper explore the IFE by applying regression analysis. They were used historical annual data for exchange rates, real interest rate and inflation, in this research. Like a home country and foreign country the authors were used each of these areas (Serbia and EU) like interchangeably and track the trail of the effect. Explore was based on the time series of observed annual data in period between 2004 and 2015. The authors were used the data of authorized central banks from databases: the World Bank, the National Bank of Serbia and the European Central Bank. Regression analysis was performed using a software package SPSS 20. The contribution of this paper is reflected in the obtained results.The results show that a 1% increase in the nominal interest rate differential, on average, lead to approximately a 0.3% offsetting change in the exchange rate in both cases (Serbiahome EU-foreign and EU-home Serbia-foreign).The coefficients of determination R 2 are very low, also in both cases. Only 3.3% of the annual changes in the RSD/EUR exchange rate and 4.2% of the annual changes in the EUR/RSD exchange rate can be explained by the nominal interest differentials. Therefore, about 96% of the annual changes in the exchange rates depend on other factors.

The purpose of writing the paper is the situation in agriculture in Serbia and the municipality of Kladovo, as well as the importance it achieves in the economic structure. At the level of Serbia, the importance of agriculture, forestry and fisheries (AFF) is analyzed through their contribution to gross domestic product (GDP) creation from 2016 to 2020, while for the municipality level the importance is determined by the amount of funds allocated in the local self-government unit (LSU) for the needs of agriculture from 2018 to 2020. The obtained results indicate a high share of AFF in GDP creation (6.3% during 2020) and a low share of budget funds in the total budget of the municipality for support of rural development (2.34% in 2020). The aim of this paper is to analyze the possibilities for further development of agriculture in the Republic and the Municipality. The paper uses methods of critical analysis of relevant literature, as well as descriptions for interpreting the results obtained by empirical research.

The aim of this paper is to point out the importance of family agricultural holdings (FAH) in Serbia from the aspect of market orientation. The purpose of writing the paper is to analyse the indicators that affect the market orientation of FAH, which are: utilized agricultural area (UAA), economic size of the holding, the structure of the engaged labour force (by gender, age range and by educational level). The main source of data is from the Farm Structure Survey (FSS), and the results for the area of Serbia and the municipality of Kladovo are presented. It is concluded: fragmentation of land holdings; unfavourable economic size of holdings (small in Serbia and very small in Kladovo); in the structure of the engaged labour force on the territory of Serbia, members of the holdings participate with 56.7%, particularly 59.1% in Kladovo; male headed holdings are dominated, while women are most often represented as members of holdings; holdings are mostly elderly because 39.1% of holdings' managers in Serbia are aged 65 and over, specifically 45.9% in Kladovo; 95.3% of holdings' managers in Serbia and 97.2% in Kladovo have entirely practical experience. The analysis included only FAH because in Serbia they make up 99.7% and in Kladovo 99.8% of the total registered farms. The observed indicators were processed by the methods of descriptive statistics.