Background: Candida is the most common agent causing leucorrhoea affecting the women of all strata. It is becoming difficult to completely eradicate the infection mainly due to recurrence caused by non-albican species of Candida. Most of the non-albican species of Candida are resistant to commonly used antifungal agent -azole. Therefore, studying the Incidence of Candida species in vaginal secretion is of great significance. Objective: To study the incidence of Candidiasis in patients of leucorrhoea and identification of different species of candida found in leucorrhoea and to study the effect of pregnancy and age on infection rate in women Attending in OPD of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department, Gurugobind Singh Hospital, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India. Materials and Methods:The study was conducted on 300 patients with specific complaints of leucorrhea. Discharge was examined by direct wet preparation by KOH mount, Gram staining, and Culture on Sabouraud's dextrose agar. Species differentiation was done by Germ tube formation, Sugar assimilation and Sugar Fermentation test. Results: In 19% of the women the leucorrhea was due to Candida infection with highest incidence in women of age (21-30 years). Incidence of candidiasis was higher in Pregnant (22.5%) compared to non-pregnant (16.6%). Candida albicans was the most common strain identified and Candida krusei was the least common one. Conclusion: Highest incidence found between 21-30 years age group, in pregnant women, in women from lower socio-economic class. Among candida species C. albicans was commonest followed by C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. krusei.

No abstract

Aims and Objective: Many diseases have a high prevalence in India, accounting for one-fourth of the Tuberculosis (TB) cases in the world. In our study, we aimed to find the prevalence of Pre XDR-TB and XDR-TB amongst newly diagnosed cases of pulmonary MDR-TB who had never been previously treated with second-line drugs. A prospective study was conducted in Culture and Drug susceptibility testing laboratory, Jamnagar and its associated Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) centre. Materials and Methods: Baseline second-line liquid culture DST has been recently integrated with the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) diagnostic algorithm. We included 500 patients who were diagnosed in cases of pulmonary MDR-TB never exposed to second-line Gavali et al.; JAMB, 19(2): 1-9, 2019; Article no.JAMB.51353 2 TB-Drugs. Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube method conducted in an RNTCP accredited Culture and Drug susceptibility testing laboratory, Jamnagar, as part of the evaluation in the public healthcare system from where patients were referred for diagnosis to us. Results: 585 MDR suspected sputum samples were received, 466 sputum samples were showing culture positive for acid-fast bacilli which were screened against second-line drug susceptibility testing by using of BACTEC MGIT 960 (MGIT 960) instrument. About 293 Mycobacterium samples were MDR-TB, 151 were Pre-XDR TB and 22 were XDR-TB. Conclusion: The prevalence of Pre XDR-TB and XDR-TB among MDR-TB patients were 32.4% and 4.7% respectively. The high prevalence of Pre XDR-TB (FQ) is alarming and of concern in the management of MDR-TB control in Jamnagar area. Original Research Article

No abstract

No abstract