The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Earlier studies reported that increased levels of pancreatic fat may lead to the development of β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. The present study aimed to demonstrate the relationship between pancreatic fat content (PFC) and insulin secretion and insulin resistance in Chinese subjects with T2DM. Seventy-eight T2DM subjects and 35 non-diabetic volunteers were recruited in this study. All subjects were subjected to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). We also measured PFC and liver fat content (LFC) by three-point Dixon method (3p-Dixon), and we examined the relations between PFC and OGTT-derived parameters. T2DM subjects had higher PFC than non-diabetic subjects (p < 0.01). PFC was correlated with body mass index (BMI), liver fat content (LFC) and age in two groups, however, it was only positively associated with insulin secretion, insulin resistance, early-and late-phase insulin secretion in male T2DM subjects, but not in non-diabetic and female T2DM subjects. After adjusting for BMI, LFC and age, the association still existed (all p < 0.05). Furthermore, the relationship was more obvious in male T2DM subjects with a shorter course of disease. PFC was associated with β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance in subjects with T2DM and was more obvious in male T2DM subjects with shorter duration of diabetes. Therefore, PFC might represent a potential risk factor for the development of T2DM.

Aim. Recent studies found that levels of serum uric acid (SUA) were positively associated with serum 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In the current study, we investigated the association between 1,5-AG and UA in T2DM patients with different renal functions. Methods. A total of 405 T2DM patients, 213 men and 192 women, participated in the study. Patients’ clinical information was collected, and serum 1,5-AG, SUA, and other clinical characteristics were measured. Correlation analyses were carried out to analyze their correlation with serum 1,5-AG and SUA. Results. The male group showed higher levels of SUA than the female group (282.1 ± 91.2 and 244.7 ± 71.89 μmol/L, respectively, P<0.01). Pearson’s correlation coefficients determine that SUA was positively associated with 1,5-AG in both men (r=0.213, P<0.05) and women (r=0.223, P<0.05), and such relationship can be influenced by the renal function. The positive association still existed with moderate impaired renal function. Moreover, 1,5-AG had a negative association with haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in T2DM subjects with eGFR ≥ 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (P<0.01). Conclusion. The positive association between SUA and 1,5-AG still exists in T2DM with moderate renal failure. 1,5-AG can still reflect the glucose levels in patients with CKD stages 1-3.