Objectives Medical students display a high prevalence of psychopathological symptomatology, stress and burnout, which may continue in their time as resident and fully qualified doctors. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the effects of a mindfulness-based programme on these variables in an experimental group of medical students who underwent the intervention programme compared to a control group who did not. Methods A quasi-experimental study of two independent groups (experimental and control) with two repeated measures (pre and post) was performed. Eight sessions of 2-h duration each were held over the course of 16 weeks. A total of 143 students participated in the study, 68 in the intervention group and 75 in the control group. A sociodemographic questionnaire was administered along with the Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS). Results Our study revealed a clear improvement compared to the control group in perceived stress and psychopathological symptomatology, in the Global Severity Index, Positive Symptom Total and the primary symptom dimensions of somatization, obsessive compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity and anxiety of the SCL-90-R. The improvement was significant at both intra-and intergroup level. No impact was found on the level of burnout. Conclusions The mindfulness-based programme that was used resulted in an improvement in psychopathological symptomatology and stress, with no effect observed on BO score. This study can contribute to the design of a training programme to promote effective self-care and stress management strategies for both medical students and doctors.
Cognitive dysfunction syndrome: updated behavioral and clinical evaluations as a tool to evaluate the well-being of aging dogsSíndrome de disfunción cognitiva: actualización del conocimiento como herramienta para el bienestar animal en perros seniles RESUMENLa mejora en la atención veterinaria, la nutrición y el enriquecimiento del entorno doméstico ha facilitado que cada vez haya un mayor número de perros que vivan su etapa senil. Sin embargo, se debe tener en cuenta que una mayor longevidad implica una mayor prevalencia de problemas cognitivos en nuestras mascotas. A lo largo de su vida geriátrica los perros son más vulnerables a padecer síndromes demenciales neurodegenerativos de carácter progresivo. Una de las enfermedades neurodegenerativas que actualmente está siendo objeto de estudio por su elevada prevalencia es el síndrome de disfunción cognitiva. La enfermedad es una entidad neurocomportamental que se presenta en perros ancianos, caracterizado por un déficit en el aprendizaje, en la memoria y en la conciencia espacial del perro, además de ser un trastorno clínico que tiene un impacto significativo en la vida de los perros de edad avanzada y sus propietarios. La escasez de pruebas diagnósticas de alta confiabilidad que garanticen la presencia o no de la enfermedad, otorga a la identificación temprana de los signos clínicos, un papel crucial para el establecimiento de un buen pronóstico en términos de mejoría y extensión en la calidad de vida de los pacientes afectados. El tratamiento debe dirigirse a frenar la progresión de la pérdida de cognición, mediante la instauración de técnicas y programas que mejoren la actividad física, los aspectos nutricionales y el ambiente del animal. Por lo tanto, son necesarias futuras investigaciones en el conocimiento, control y prevención de esta patología, para disminuir el impacto generado por sus efectos sobre la calidad de vida de los perros y sus propietarios.Palabras clave: síndrome de disfunción cognitiva, perros, proteína β-amiloidea. SUMMARYImprovements in veterinary medicine, nutrition and the enrichment of the domestic environment have helped more dogs reach to their senile phase. However, greater longevity leads to a higher prevalence of cognitive problems in our pets. Throughout their geriatric lives, dogs are more vulnerable to suffering progressive neurodegenerative dementia syndromes. Due to its high prevalence, cognitive dysfunction syndrome is one of the most studied neurodegenerative diseases. This disease is a neurobehavioral entity that presents itself in senile dogs, and it is characterized by a deficit in learning, memory and the dog's spatial awareness. It is a clinical disorder that has a significant impact on older dogs and their owners. There is a lack of reliable diagnostic tests that can guarantee the presence of the disease, provide early identification of the clinical signs of this disease, or establish a prognosis in terms of the recovery and expansion of the quality of life of the affected patient. Treatment should be directed at slowi...
El presente estudio busca establecer si la sensibilidad a la ansiedad es un predictor de la posterior aparición de dificultades en la relajación, y si es mejor predictor de este aspecto que el propio diagnóstico clínico o que los niveles de STAI. Él estudio aborda una importante cuestión: la posible modificabilidad de la sensibilidad a la ansiedad a través del entrenamiento en relajación muscular. Participaron en este trabajo 21 pacientes ambulatorios de la Unidad de Salud Mental de los Hospitales de Toledo y Valladolid, diagnosticados de Trastorno de Pánico (12) y de otros Trastornos de Ansiedad (9), respectivamente. Asimismo, se contó con un grupo control constituido por 10 sujetos pertenecientes al personal administrativo y sanitario del Hospital Provincial de Toledo. La edad media de los participantes fue de 38,71 años (DT= 10,31). Los resultados indican que, a) la puntuación obtenida en el ASI no es un predictor de las dificultades aparecidas en el entrenamiento, b) los valores de la ansiedad estado disminuyen en todos los grupos tras el entrenamiento en relajación, y c) el entrenamiento en relajación reduce de forma significativa las puntuaciones del ASI en los dos grupos clínicos.Palabras clave: Relajación, sensibilidad a la ansiedad, entrenamiento en relajación, ansiedad estado, ansiedad rasgo, ansiedad inducida por relajación, pánico inducido por relajación. Relaxation and Anxiety SensitivityOur study investigated to what extent the anxiety sensitivity is a good predictor of later difficulties in relaxation, and if it is a better predictor of this aspect than the own clinical diagnosis and/or the levéis of trait anxiety (STAI). The study discuses the possible modification of the levéis of anxiety sensitivity by mean of the training in muscular relaxation. Twenty one ambulatory patients from the Unit of Mental Health of the Hospitals of Toledo and Valladolid participated in the work. A control group consisted in 10 administrative personnel and sanitarian from the Provincial Hospital of Toledo. The mean age of the participants was 38,71 years (DT = 10,31). The results indicate that, a) the punctuation obtained in ASI isn't a predictor of the difficulties appeared in the training, b) the levéis of anxiety state diminished in all of the groups after the relaxation training, and c) anxiety sensitivity decreased significantly in the two clinical groups after relaxation training.
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