Kosiba J., Tká Z., Hujo Ľ., Staník B., Štulajter I., 2013. Th e operation of agricultural tractor with universal ecological oil. Res. Agr. Eng., 59 (Special Issue): S27-S33.Th is contribution presents the results of the research into the characteristics of ecological oil labelled MOL Farm UTTO Synt in the tractor operating conditions. Biodegradable fl uid was applied in the gear and hydraulic circuits of the tractor Zetor Forterra 114 41. Th e fl uid was assessed for contamination and lubrication properties by its eff ect on the wear of tractor hydraulic pump during the application. Th e hydraulic pump was removed from the tractor at specifi ed time intervals because of its technical condition relating to the fl ow effi ciency. Th e measurements were calculated as fl ow effi ciency with minimum environmental impact of oil on the hydraulic pump wear.Keywords: synthetic oil; hydraulic pump; fl ow characteristic At the present time, hydrostatic systems are widely spread in the industry. Th ey provide various types of motion. Th e power transmission is realised by hydraulic fl uid. Hydraulic fl uid needs servicing and requires the control of operating parameters Belovi, Majdan 2011). Almost 50% of all the oils sold in the world fi nish at the present time as forfeits during the operation in nature (Jakob, Theissen 2006). Th erefore, it is extremely important to replace mineral oils with vegetable oils or plant-based synthetic oils (Tká et al. 2010).Agricultural technology has a negative impact on all elements of the environment. As to air, it is aff ected by the exhaust emissions, and the soil respectively water by oil and for fuel components (Jablonický et al. 2007;Kuera, Pršan 2008;Kuera, Rédl 2008). Th is paper presents the results of a long-term operational test of the biodegradable synthetic oil MOL Farm UTTO Synt (Slovnaft a.s., Bratislava, Slovak Republic), which is currently under development. Th e operational test was performed on one of the most used tractors, the tractor Zetor Forterra 114 41 (Zetor Tractors a.s., Brno, Czech Republic) in the conditions of Slovak farms. Th e hydraulic pump was removed from the tractor in the time intervals; the pump was mounted onto the experimental laboratory device for measuring the fl ow characteristics at the Department of Transport and Handling, Faculty of Engineering, University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic.Subsequently, the oil samples were collected for the analysis and detection of iron and copper contamination by means of infrared spectra. In view of the utilization of hydraulic fl uid in a machine, it is the most important to know the running properties of the fl uid, i.e. to know the infl uence of the fl uid Res. Agr. Eng. Vol. 59, 2013 (Special Issue): S27-S33 S28on the technical state of the hydraulic system parts (Žikla, Jablonický 2006;Jablonický et al. 2007;Tká et al. 2008). MATERIAL AND METHODSTh e experimental device for measuring the fl ow characteristics is shown in Fig. 1. It was designed at the Department of Transp...

This paper presents the evaluation of a newly developing synthetic-based hydraulic fluid MOL Farm UTTO Synt, developed by MOL Group, Hungary. The fluid was subjected to a laboratory test by using a gear hydrostatic pump UD 25, which is used in the latest Zetor Fortera tractors. During the test, flow values were statistically evaluated and graphically displayed in the form of flow characteristics and the loss of flow efficiency. On the basis of laboratory test results, it can be concluded that the newly developing fluid meets the specified requirements and it is possible to continue in testing under operating conditions. Keywords: flow efficiency, hydrostatic pump, synthetic-based hydraulic fluid Abstrakt Príspevok je zameraný na hodnotenie novovyvíjanej hydraulickej syntetickej kvapaliny MOL Farm UTTO Synt, vyvíjanej spoločnosťou MOL Group, Maďarsko. Kvapalina bola podrobená laboratórnemu testu za použitia zubového hydrogenerátora UD 25, ktorý sa používa v najnovších traktoroch Zetor Forterra. Počas skúšky boli hodnoty získaných prietokov štatistický spracované a následne graficky vyhodnotené vo forme prietokových charakteristík a poklesu prietokovej účinnosti hydrogenerátora. Na základe výsledkov laboratórnej skúšky je možné konštatovať, že novovývíjaná kvapalina vyhovuje stanoveným požiadavkám a je možné pokračovať v skúškach v prevádzkových podmienkach.

This paper deals with the pollution evaluation of a biodegradable fluid, which was used as a working medium during the laboratory durability test of a hydrostatic pump. There was used a new synthetic biodegradable fluid MOL Farm UTTO Synt., developed and produced by MOL Group, Hungary. The fluid should have been practically used as a universal, common gear-hydraulic filling in agricultural machines. During the test, the pollution of used fluid was evaluated on the basis of cleanliness code, filtration of solid particles and ferrography. Based on results of cleanliness code, we could monitor the course of hydrostatic pump wear. After test completion, the fluid was subjected to filtration of solid particles and ferrography, where clusters of small particles and larger particles were detected. On the basis of their surface and shape, they were included in particles of adhesive wear. By the comparison method it was found that they are bronze particles located in the bearings of the hydrostatic pump used.

MÁCHAL PAVEL, MAJDAN RADOSLAV, TKÁČ ZDENKO, STANČÍK BOHUSLAV, ABRAHÁM RUDOLF, ŠTULAJTER IVAN, ŠEVČÍK PETER, RÁŠO MILAN: Design and verifi cation of additional fi ltration for the application of ecological transmission and hydraulic fl uids in tractorc.Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2013, LXI, No. 5, pp. 1305-1311 This contribution presents the design and function verifi cation of additional fi ltration. It is intended for the common transmission and hydraulic oil fi lling of tractors. The main role of this fi ltration concept is to ensure a high level of oil cleanness as a condition for the application of ecologic fl uids in tractors. The next one is to decrease the wear of lubricated tractor components, the degradation of oil and eventually to extend the interval of oil change. The designed additional fi ltering is characterized by ease installation through the use of quick couplings and hoses to the external hydraulic circuit. Therefore, the fi ltration is suitable for various tractor types. Filter element has been designed with the fi lter ability 1micron and the ability to separate to 0.5 dm 3 of water from oil. Function of additional fi ltration was verifi ed during the 150 engine hours of tractor operation. During this time period the oil contamination was evaluated on the basis of chemical elements content such as Fe, Cu, Si, Al, Ni, Mo and Cr. The additive concentration was evaluated on the basis of chemical elements content such as Ca, P and Zn. During the test operation of tractor the concentration decrease of chemical elements reached the values 25.53 % (Fe), 23.53 % (Si), 25 % (Al) and 5.5 % (Cu). The decrease of additive concentration reached only medium level (6.6 %). Therefore, the designed additional fi ltration doesn't remove additives from oil. Based on the evaluation of the content of chemical elements (that representing contamination and additives), we can say that the designed fi ltering method is suitable for use in agricultural tractors. oil contamination, additives, biodegradable oil, spectroscopy, environmental protection Fluids that are used in common transmission and hydraulic systems of tractors are exposed to specifi c conditions characteristic for agricultural production. These oils must perform all requires functions in the transmission and hydraulic system of tractor and they also must be resistant to oxidation and thermal degradation. Agricultural tractors o en operate in dusty and humid environment which eff ects oil fi ll contamination. In addition, the oil fi lls are polluted by the amount of wear particles mainly from the transmission system, which carries the full power of the engine to the wheels of the tractor.

Majdan R., Tkáč Z., Stančík B., Abrahám R., Štulajter I., Ševčík P., Rášo M., 2014. Elimination of ecological fluids contamination in agricultural tractors. Res. Agr. Eng., 60 (Special Issue): S9-S15.This contribution presents the elimination of pollution for ecological fluids of UTTO (universal tractor transmission oils) type in agricultural tractors. The common oil filling of the transmission and hydraulic system is polluted by residues of old fillings from attachments such as ploughs, trailers, etc. In the tractor Zetor Forterra 114 41, a newly developed synthetic ecological fluid HEPR (VDMA 24568) was applied. The oil showed pollution limits after completing 900 engine hours. For this reason, a filtration device was designed to clean mainly biodegradable fluids UTTO. On the basis of fluid application evaluation and performed filtration, it can be concluded that a simple and affordable filtration system reduces the concentration of the most dangerous contamination particles (particles lager than 14 μm) by up to 30%.