Swamp Buffalo farming plays an important role in farmers' livelihood and in satisfying red meat demand in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. The extensive (wetland) swamp buffalo production system (SPS) and the extensive and semi-intensive dryland system (DPS) are two production systems. The production systems have high complexity and require the integrated sustainability assessment approach to measure the contribution level of sustainability indicators. This study aimed to demonstrate the conceptual framework for analyzing the sustainability of buffalo production systems in South Kalimantan. The buffalo production systems in South Kalimantan were analyzed using the comprehensive assessment framework from September-December 2021. A literature review and discussion with experts, followed by a focus group discussion to perform a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis was conducted. The complex problem identifies and defines the relevant Economic, Ecological, and Societal (EES) issues, and inclusive identification and analysis of relevant stakeholders were described. Issues identified during the process were translated into relevant indicators in the EES sustainability dimensions then indicators possible for EES issues were proposed. Situation analysis in this study described and identified swamp buffalo in South Kalimantan, which is currently experiencing a population decline. The gross margin and growth and reproduction performances of the buffaloes were selected for economic benefit in both systems. Total land use and soil fertility were the possible indicators in the dimension of environment relevant for DPS, while swamp sedimentation and water pollution were considered important environmental indicators in SPS. Feed availability was measured in both systems. Social dimension indicators in both systems were focused on keeping management, the function of buffalo for livelihood, time allocation to keep buffalo, characteristics of livelihood, and possible land use conflicts.
Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalkan diversifikasi produk dan metode pemasaran alternatif sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan ketahanan peternak dalam menghadapi pandemi Covid-19. Kegiatan pengbadian ini dilakukan secara daring (zoom meeting), pelatihan ini dilakukan dalam tiga seri (materi), yaitu 1. Dinamika industri kambing dan domba pada masa dan pasca pandemi Covid-19; 2. Diversifikasi produk dan pengemasan; 3. Pemanfaatan media digital untuk meningkatkan pemasaran. Kegiatan pengabdian berjalan baik dan mendapatkan respon yang cukup baik dari peserta pelatihan dengan jumlah peserta yaitu 75, 39 dan 22 peternak. Peserta berpartisipasi aktif dalam setiap seri pelatihan yang sudah dilaksanakan, minat peserta dalam diversifikasi produk, pengemasan, dan pemasaran sangat tinggi. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa dari aspek waktu pelatihan, materi pelatihan, pemateri, dan diskusi memiliki tingkat kesesuaian yang baik dengan apa yang diinginkan oleh peserta. Sebagai tindak lanjut keberlanjutan kegiatan ini, maka perlu dilanjutkan dengan praktik secara langsung khususnya pengemasan produk, maupun pemasaran dengan menggunakan media sosial.
Ongole grade (OG) cows are mostly kept at the smallholder farmer level, carried out traditionally -for instance, on the cow's housing system, using individual tie-stall (ITS), or communal tie-stall (CTS) system. The housing system can affect the reproductive performance of the cows. This study aims to determine the better type of housing to be applied at the smallholder farmer level based on reproductive performance. Forty-three OG cows were divided into the ITS (n=20 cows) and CTS (n=23 cows) systems. Post-partum estrus (PPE), post-partum mating (PPM), weaning age (WA), service per conception (S/C), calving interval (CI), and calf crop (CC) as reproductive performance indicator were collected through farmer recording, then were analyzed using the independent sample t-test. The results showed that the type of communal tie-stall was significantly better on S/C, WA, CI, and CC. In conclusion, using a communal tie-stall housing system was better for OG cow's reproductive performance.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kinerja induk sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO) di Kecamatan Kragan Kabupaten Rembang. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Kragan selama dua bulan, yaitu November-Desember 2021.Data kinerja induk diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan 38 peternak sapi PO dan pengamatan langsung pada 84 ekor induk sapi PO. Data kinerja induk terdiri dari umur pertama estrus dan kawin, service per conception (S/C), lama bunting, umur pertama beranak, umur sapih, kawin setelah beranak, dan jarak beranak. Data dihitung rata-rata dan standar deviasinya, kemudiandibahas secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengaturan khusus untuk pengawinan sapi diterapkan oleh peternak sapi PO. Dalam penentuan birahi, peternak biasanya mengamati perubahan kondisi tubuh dan tingkah laku. Tanda birahi yang sering digunakan yaitu pada vulva terlihat memerah, mengeluarkan lendir, dan terasa hangat. Sapi terlihat mengibas-ngibaskan ekor serta mengendus-endus organ genital. Peternak akan mengawinkan sapinya apabila sudah menunjukkan tanda menaiki ternak lain. Rata-rata induk sapi PO pertama kali birahi pada umur 21,71±5,67 bulan dan langsung dikawinkan oleh peternak dengan S/C sebesar 2,29±1,25 kali untuk kawin alam dan 1,86±1,15 untuk inseminasi buatan. Lama bunting sapi sekitar 9,05±0,23 bulan dan beranak pertama pada umur 33,58 bulan. Anak sapi disapih pada umur 4,63±1,15 bulan, dan induk dikawinkan kembali 4,50±1,13 bulan setelah beranak dan jarak beranak induk selama 13,76±1,24 bulan. Secara umum, kinerja reproduksi induk sapi Peranakan Ongole di Kecamatan Kragan, Kabupaten Rembang sudah cukup baik berdasarkan jarak beranak sebesar 13,76 Bulan. Namun demikian, kinerja reproduksi tersebut masih bisa dan perlu ditingkatkan lagi seperti S/C, umur sapih, dan kawin setelah beranaknya.
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