We report the case of a 72-year-old man with history of ankylosing spondylitis, who, during the treatment with infliximab, developed painful, erythematous-violaceous plaques with later development of ulcers on his feet associated with cold exposure. Concomitantly with the appearance of these lesions, he presented increased antinuclear antibodies (ANA) titers, positivity for anti-DNA and IgM anticardiolipin antibodies, low complement levels, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, and lymphopenia. He was diagnosed of chilblain lupus induced by infliximab, this agent was withdrawn and initiated treatment for chilblains with improvement of lesions. On reviewing of the literature, we found seven reported cases of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) antagonists-induced chilblain lupus, all in rheumatoid arthritis patients and four of them with clinical and immunological characteristics available are presented and compared with our case. Although it is infrequent, chilblain lupus forms part of the spectrum of TNF-α antagonists-induced lupus erythematosus; usually is limited to skin without progression to systemic lupus erythematosus; presents ANA, anti-DNA, and antinucleosome antibodies positivity as more frequent immunological alterations; and responds appropriately to the specific treatment, TNF-α antagonists withdrawal being not necessary in almost all cases.
The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters. E ccrine porocarcinoma is a rare malignant sweat gland tumor. Pinkus and Mehregan first described it in 1963 1 as an epidermotropic eccrine carcinoma, and Mishima and Morioka introduced the term eccrine porocarcinoma in 1969. 2 Approximately 20% of cases metastatize to regional lymph nodes and, more rarely, visceral metastases can occur. Robson and colleagues 3 have defined some prognostic factors in primary localized porocarcinoma.We report a case of eccrine porocarcinoma and its clinical course after local therapy and analyze prognostic factors. Case ReportA 78-year-old man was referred to the Medical Oncology Service of University Hospital, Ramó n y Cajal, Madrid, Spain, with a diagnosis of malignant poroma in the left proximal extremity.In January 2004, he consulted for an erythematous verrucous plaque on the back of his left thigh that persisted after three cryotherapy treatments. An excision of the lesion was performed in February 2004.The histopathologic examination showed, at scanning magnification, an asymmetric neoplasm (Figure 1) with poor circumscription and marked variation in size and shape of neoplastic cells. The tumor had an intraepidermal and an invasive intradermal component with an infiltrative growth pattern that involved the resection margin. Higher magnification revealed poroid and cuticular neoplastic cells with nuclear and citoplasmic pleomorphism, nuclear hyperchromatism, and mitotic activity (15 mitoses per 10 high-power fields). They showed ductal differentiation and intracitoplasmic lumen formation (Figure 2). The tumor depth was 2.20 mm, and it showed lymphovascular invasion.A second surgery was performed with expanded margins. The histology report revealed a porocarcinoma infiltrating to the dermoepidermal limit without involving surgical margins.In October 2005, the patient presented with left inguinal lymph nodes that had been increasing for 2 months. A fine-needle aspiration was performed with a diagnosis of metastases from malignant poroma. A computed tomography (CT) body scan showed a conglomerate of left inguinal lymph nodes of approximately 3 cm in diameter. A left iliac-inguinal lymphadenectomy was performed, and the pathologic study revealed metastases in one of eight inguinal nodes and three of five external iliac nodes.The patient was referred to the department of medical oncology. A CT body scan was performed that did not show any evidence of systemic disease.
Nuestra mirada de sapiens se ha visto profundamente afectada en cada periodo histórico por los discursos culturales e ideológicos que nos han ido atravesando en tanto que seres sociales. La pertenencia a un momento concreto de la Historia o a una determinada cultura o grupo social, ha determinado en buena medida la manera en que percibimos la realidad que nos rodea.En consecuencia, nuestra forma de mirar el entorno ha ido variando con el curso de los acontecimientos y las épocas en función de factores muy diversos. Por enumerar solo algunos, capaces de modificar el modo de ver y pensar la realidad, podemos nombrar, entre otros: nuestros propios intereses -ya sean personales o colectivos-, las creencias más arraigadas, pero también los prejuicios, las ideologías dominantes en un determinado contexto histórico, político o cultural, los avances tecnológicos y los descubrimientos científicos, capaces de transformar y redefinir cada época y, no menos importante, nuestro sentido identitario, un insoslayable sentimiento de pertenencia a un determinado colectivo, ya sea familiar, social, cultural o profesional.De igual modo, a la par que nuestra mirada, también ha ido variando el modo en que representamos lo percibido, ya sea para comprenderlo, dominarlo o incluso transformarlo. La búsqueda de respuestas acerca de los enigmas de la vida, tanto de fenómenos naturales como sociales, arroja algo más de luz cuando intentamos representarlos y comprenderlos con imágenes esclarecedoras.
EspañaResumen-Este proyecto ha pretendido hacer partícipe a los propios alumnos de la coevaluación de proyectos artísticos y teóricos y en distintos aspectos de la enseñanza de las Bellas Artes. En estas enseñanzas se plantea una especificidad muy concreta, puesto que el grado de experimentalidad de los proyectos finales que presentan los propios alumnos y que se evalúan en las distintas asignaturas requiere de una constante labor de tutela y seguimiento por parte del docente responsable en cada una de ellas. La coevaluación, recogida en ocasiones anteriores en papel y transcrita a mano por los docentes, se ha llevado a cabo ahora mediante un Sistema de Respuesta en el Aula que garantiza el anonimato y la inmediatez en la evaluación. De esta forma el alumno, después de realizar la exposición de su proyecto, tiene una idea aproximada de lo que su trabajo sugiere y de lo que puede incluir, variar o reflexionar y, a su vez, el resto de sus compañeros adquieren habilidades y competencias en valoraciones y críticas de proyectos artísticos contemporáneos.Palabras clave: Coevaluación; Herramientas TIC; Bellas Artes; Sistemas de Respuesta en Aula.Abstract-This project has sought to involve the students themselves in the co-evaluation of artistic and theoretical projects and in different aspects of the teaching Fine Arts. In this context arises very specific issues, due to the degree of experimentalism of the final projects presented by the students and that are assessed in the different subjects requires constant work of supervision and monitoring by the responsible teacher in each of them. Coevaluation, previously collected on paper and transcribed manually by teachers, has been carried out by using a Response System in the Classroom that guarantees anonymity and immediacy in the evaluation so, by this way, the student after making his presentation could have a rough idea of what its work suggests and what should be included, varied or reflected on. Also, the rest of his peers acquire by this way skills and competencies in evaluating and criticism contemporary artistic projects.Keywords: Co-evaluation; ITC tools; Fine Arts; Classroom Response Systems. INTRODUCCIÓNTeniendo en cuenta que la aplicación del proyecto que se describe en este artículo reside en varias asignaturas del grado en Bellas Artes, y que la tipología docente que es recurrente en este ámbito es arquetípicamente clásica (clases prácticas en las que la forma de corregir es subjetiva y que funcionan más como un taller que como una clase magistral al uso) la incorporación de una herramienta online que permita recoger información de opinión y que ayude al docente en el sistema de evaluación puede proponer una clase participativa, activa, atenta y responsable (García-Peñalvo, 2015). Nos encontramos ante una propuesta docente innovadora e inclusiva en su concepción, ya que, como se evidencia en la literatura científica, se basa en el principio de que dotar a los alumnos de un papel de responsabilidad en el ejercicio de su aprendizaje provoca concentración e i...
Resumen-El presente trabajo presenta los procesos, metodología y resultados de un proyecto de innovaci ón docente realizado en la
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