Children with BECTS scored significantly lower scores in tests on academic performance, when compared with those in the control group probably due to executive dysfunction.

Objective To evaluate the perceived social stigma of people with epilepsy with regard to the question of employability. Methods A structured questionnaire was given to two groups of people with chronic diseases: those with epilepsy (study group) and those with heart disease (control group). The questions concerned employability. Results Having epilepsy was more strongly associated with higher unemployment rates (p < 0.0001); job layoffs (p = 0.001); being unfit to work (p < 0.0001); feeling shame for having the disease (p = 0.014); absence of partners (p = 0.026); and depression (p = 0.004). The tendency to hide their disease from their employers was similar for the two groups. Conclusion The age discrepancy between groups was an important limiting factor of this study. However, despite the limited number of participants and the age difference between the groups, there is no impediment in stating that people with epilepsy show high rates of unemployment, depression, and stigma.

Introduction: The medical literature reports child and adolescent maltreatment since the 8th century. Unfortunately, even today, the incomplete knowledge of this event persists. Several forms of violence are applied to children and adolescents, mainly sexual violence including rape and sexual assault. Forensic medical examinations routinely include the genital area, anus, and the body of the victims for signs of a recent or old injury. The main goal of this study is to show the results of physical and sexual examinations regarding confirmation of rape in children and adolescents, based on the medicolegal reports. Methods: We made a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted by collecting data from Medicolegal Institute (IML-São Paulo, Brazil) in 2017. We examined 13,870 reports of sexological examinations of victims of the alleged rape. The variables analyzed were age; sex; physical examination; sexological examination; and direct search for sperm in the vaginal, anal, or oral cavity. We selected 11,725 reports from victims under 18 years. Results: As for the medical-legal findings, only 1735 reports (14.8%) confirmed sexual abuse. The most affected ages were between 3 and 5 years in the male group and 11 to 14 years in the female group. The most frequent injuries were bruises and abrasions, fissures in the anal region. In 96.2% of the examined males and 85.8% of the females under 14 years old, the examination was inconclusive, and somebody cannot prove the alleged rape. Only 1735 reports (113 from men and 1622 from women) concluded beyond any doubt the alleged rape (14.8%). The search for sperm was positive in only 1582 cases (13.5%). Conclusion: This study shows that the results of the medicolegal examinations were quite limited in recording evidence. Sexual violence against children and adolescents reaches mostly females under 13 years of age. Besides, it is a complicated crime to prove, as 85.8% of female examinations and 96.2% of male exams revealed: “no supporting elements” or “undetermined” to characterize the felony. Therefore, to prevent it, the communication of the alleged rape must be made as quickly as possible.

<p>O crescimento da população idosa é um fenômeno global e com ele as questões médicas e sociais têm assumido destaque. A violência contra as pessoas idosas se tornou problema de saúde pública em consequência do alto índice de morbimortalidade associada a ela. A identificação de idosos submetidos a maus-tratos é dever de todos, principalmente de médicos, para que desfechos negativos não ocorram. A divulgação de informações sobre as características das vítimas e dos agressores e dos principais tipos de violência é uma forma de manter os profissionais de saúde alertas, fato este que justifica a realização deste estudo. Foi realizado estudo descritivo transversal através de informações do Ministério da Saúde sobre as notificações de violência doméstica envolvendo pessoas acima de 60 anos de idade de ambos os sexos. O período analisado foi de janeiro de 2009 a dezembro de 2014. Os resultados do estudo mostraram que o número de notificações de violência doméstica contra o idoso aumentou progressivamente no período analisado, que a maioria das agressões ocorreu na residência das vítimas e os agressores mais frequentes foram os filhos. As mulheres foram as mais agredidas, mas os homens mostraram maior frequência de mortalidade; as agressões físicas e a negligência foram as mais relatadas. Apesar de ter havido crescimento de notificações, esses valores ainda estão distantes da realidade, em função da probabilidade de subnotificação. Os médicos precisam estar alertas quanto às possibilidades de maus-tratos e notificar os casos confirmados ou suspeitos, como determina a lei brasileira.</p>

The purpose of this study was to determine the repercussions of left temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) for subjects with left mesial temporal sclerosis (LMTS) in relation to the behavioral testDichotic Digits Test (DDT), event-related potential (P300), and to compare the two temporal lobes in terms of P300 latency and amplitude. We studied 12 subjects with LMTS and 12 control subjects without LMTS. Relationships between P300 latency and P300 amplitude at sites C3A1,C3A2,C4A1, and C4A2, together with DDT results, were studied in inter-and intra-group analyses. On the DDT, subjects with LMTS performed poorly in comparison to controls. This difference was statistically significant for both ears. The P300 was absent in 6 individuals with LMTS. Regarding P300 latency and amplitude, as a group, LMTS subjects presented trend toward greater P300 latency and lower P300 amplitude at all positions in relation to controls, difference being statistically significant for C3A1 and C4A2. However, it was not possible to determine laterality effect of P300 between affected and unaffected hemispheres. Key words: epilepsy, event-related potentials P300, mesial temporal sclerosis.Avaliação eletrofisiológica e comportamental da audição em individuos com epilepsia em lobo temporal esquerdo resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a repercussão da epilepsia de lobo temporal esquerdo (LTE) em indivíduos com esclerose mesial temporal esquerda (EMTE) em relação à avaliação auditiva comportamental-Teste Dicótico de Dígitos (TDD), ao Potencial Evocado Auditivo de Longa Latência (P300) e comparar o P300 do lobo temporal esquerdo e direito. Estudamos 12 indivíduos com EMTE (grupo estudo) e 12 indivíduos controle com desenvolvimento típico. Analisamos as relações entre a latência e amplitude do P300, obtidos nas posições C3A1,C3A2,C4A1 e C4A2 e os resultados obtidos no TDD. No TDD, o grupo estudo apresentou pior desempenho em relação ao grupo controle, sendo esta diferença estatisticamente significante em ambas as orelhas. Para o P300, observamos que em seis indivíduos com EMTE o potencial foi ausente. Para a latência e amplitude, verificamos que estes indivíduos apresentaram uma tendência ao aumento da latência e redução da amplitude para todas as posições em relação ao grupo controle, sendo estatisticamente significante em C3A1 e C4A2. Contudo, não foi possível determinar efeito de lateralidade do P300 entre o hemisfério afetado e não-afetado. Palavras-chave: epilepsia, potencial evocado P300, esclerose mesial temporal.