Introduction: The medical literature reports child and adolescent maltreatment since the 8th century. Unfortunately, even today, the incomplete knowledge of this event persists. Several forms of violence are applied to children and adolescents, mainly sexual violence including rape and sexual assault. Forensic medical examinations routinely include the genital area, anus, and the body of the victims for signs of a recent or old injury. The main goal of this study is to show the results of physical and sexual examinations regarding confirmation of rape in children and adolescents, based on the medicolegal reports. Methods: We made a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted by collecting data from Medicolegal Institute (IML-São Paulo, Brazil) in 2017. We examined 13,870 reports of sexological examinations of victims of the alleged rape. The variables analyzed were age; sex; physical examination; sexological examination; and direct search for sperm in the vaginal, anal, or oral cavity. We selected 11,725 reports from victims under 18 years. Results: As for the medical-legal findings, only 1735 reports (14.8%) confirmed sexual abuse. The most affected ages were between 3 and 5 years in the male group and 11 to 14 years in the female group. The most frequent injuries were bruises and abrasions, fissures in the anal region. In 96.2% of the examined males and 85.8% of the females under 14 years old, the examination was inconclusive, and somebody cannot prove the alleged rape. Only 1735 reports (113 from men and 1622 from women) concluded beyond any doubt the alleged rape (14.8%). The search for sperm was positive in only 1582 cases (13.5%). Conclusion: This study shows that the results of the medicolegal examinations were quite limited in recording evidence. Sexual violence against children and adolescents reaches mostly females under 13 years of age. Besides, it is a complicated crime to prove, as 85.8% of female examinations and 96.2% of male exams revealed: “no supporting elements” or “undetermined” to characterize the felony. Therefore, to prevent it, the communication of the alleged rape must be made as quickly as possible.
Introdução: a quarentena, imposta a partir de 24 de março de 2020 em São Paulo, devido à pandemia de Covid-19 trouxe problemas sociais e econômicos que contribuíram para a elevação de risco de transtornos mentais, incluindo a autolesão suicida. Objetivo: comparar as taxas de internações e de óbitos por suicídio no estado de São Paulo antes e durante a pandemia de Covid-19, correlacionando os resultados com variáveis sociodemográficas de sexo, faixa etária e cor da pele/raça das vítimas. Método: estudo descritivo com dados de morbidade hospitalar do SUS (SIH/SUS) por causas externas e por local de internação, referentes ao estado de São Paulo, nos meses de abril a dezembro, nos anos de 2017 a 2020 (CID 10 – X60 a X84). Foram estabelecidos dois grupos: pré-pandemia (2017 a 2019); e pós-pandemia (2020). Foi feita análise dos dados com o programa estatístico SPSS® Version 22.2. Resultados: foram analisados dados de 9.930 internações e 416 óbitos por lesões autoprovocadas voluntariamente. A média de internações foi maior no período pré-pandemia (278 por mês) em comparação com o da pandemia (230,5 por mês) (t(34)= 2,630; p=0,013); a média de mortes no período da pandemia foi maior (14,50 por mês) (t(34)= -3,104; p=0,004) que no pré-pandemia (11 por mês). Não houve diferença entre os períodos estudados ao correlacionar internações com dados sociodemográficos (sexo: p=0,661; faixa etária: p=0,658; cor de pele: p=0,913) ou óbitos com dados sociodemográficos (sexo: p=0,861; faixa etária: p=0,663; cor de pele: p=0,761). Conclusão: os resultados mostraram redução na média de internações por lesões autoprovocadas voluntariamente entre os períodos pré e pós-pandemia, entretanto, a média de óbitos por suicídio foi superior no período de pandemia. Isso pode significar maior efetividade da autolesão suicida durante a pandemia. Não houve diferença entre os períodos estudados ao correlacionar óbitos e internações com dados sociodemográficos.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.