The main goal of this work was to establish the stability and antioxidant activity of the extracts obtained through different techniques for recovering carotenoids from Phaffia rhodozyma NRRL-Y 17268. The best conditions for extracting carotenoids through cell rupture with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) were found to be a particle size of 0.125 mm submitted to freezing temperature (-18°C) for 48 h (272 µg/g). For DMSO extracts, freezing negatively affected the antioxidant activity by 2,2 '-azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods. The carotenogenic extracts obtained by enzymatic disruption proved to be more promising in relation to its antioxidant activity.

The genus Entamoeba includes a variety of widely distributed species adapted to live in the digestive tracts of humans and a large variety of animals of different classes. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence, distribution, and molecular epidemiology of Entamoeba spp. in different classes of hosts in Brazil. Studies that analyzed hosts from several classes, including humans and domestic, wild, or captive animals, were considered. The pooled prevalence of Entamoeba spp. was calculated using the random-effects model. A total of 166 studies on humans and 16 on animals were included. The prevalence of Entamoeba spp. in the Brazilian population was 22% (95% CI: 21–24). The state with the highest prevalence was Paraiba with 72%, followed by Federal District with 53%, and Rondonia with 50%. In immunocompromized patients, the prevalence was 18%, and cancer (36%) was the most prevalent cause of immunosuppression. The prevalence of Entamoeba spp. in animal hosts was 12% (95% CI: 7–17). Captive wild animals and domestic farm animals showed the highest prevalence, with 16% and 15%, respectively. The species found more often were E. coli (86.5%), E. dispar (7.9%), and E. histolytica (3.1%). In conclusion, a high prevalence (22%) of Entamoeba spp. was found in the Brazilian population, with a prevalence of up to 50% mainly in the northern, northeastern, and central-western regions. The pathogenic species E. histolytica is distributed in most Brazilian regions, with significant prevalence percentages. Among animals, unidentified Entamoeba species were most prevalent in mammals.

Resumo -O cultivo do sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) para produção de silagem vem aumentado na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. A capacidade produtiva desta cultura pode ser influenciada pelos atributos físicos do solo, como resistência do solo à penetração -RP; densidade do solo -DS; umidade gravimétrica -UG e umidade volumétrica -UV, os quais estando com valores adequados ao desenvolvimento do sistema radicular, interferem positivamente na produtividade da cultura. Objetivandose estudar a variabilidade espacial e correlações lineares entre a produtividade do sorgo para forragem e atributos físicos do solo, realizou-se um experimento em um Planossolo na cidade de Miranda, MS. As variáveis analisadas foram biomassa verde da forragem (MVF), RP, UG, UV e DS, coletadas aleatoriamente, em área demarcada com o uso de um receptor GPS, sendo amostrados 51 pontos com espaçamentos irregulares. Os atributos estudados (solo e planta), além de terem correlação espacial, apresentaram variabilidade dos dados entre média e alta e seguiram padrões espaciais bem definidos, com alcance entre 130,0 e 352,0 m. A RP e UG foram bons indicadores da qualidade física do solo, quando destinado à produtividade da MVF de sorgo. Palavras-chave -Densidade do solo. Manejo do solo. Qualidade física do solo. Sorghum bicolor.Abstract -The cultivation of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is increasing in the Midwest region of Brazil with the aim of expanding the production of silage to be used in animal feed, with good adaptability to climatic conditions of the arid and semi-arid brazilian. The productive capacity of sorghum is influenced by soil physical properties (RP, UG, UV e DS), with these values appropriate to the development of the root system positively affect the productivity. In order to study the spatial and linear correlations between the yield of sorghum for forage and soil physical properties, an experiment was conducted in the Miranda city, MS, in an Planosol. The data were obtained by analysis of samples of plant (MVF) and soil (RP, UG, UV e DS) collected at random, having been demarcated using a GPS receiver 51 points in the cultivation area with irregular spacing. The attributes studied (plant and soil), and have spatial correlation, the variability between medium and high and well-defined spatial patterns, with a range between 130.0 and 352.0 m. The RP and UG were good indicators of soil physical quality, as for the productivity of green biomass forage sorghum.

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The aim of this work was to evaluate the gaps, trends and advances in the uses of the concepts of flood pulse and climate change through the analysis of scientometrics in Limnology in the Pantanal, between the years 1990 to 2021. The most studied ecological groups and rivers were: aquatic macrophytes and phytoplankton, and Cuiabá and Paraguai, respectively, with the highest number of article publications between 2016-2020. The temporal dynamics of social networks showed the presence of new local institutions, from other Brazilian and international states in the last 20 years. Studies on climate change are still incipient, while those related to the flood pulse are more frequent in the Pantanal. Trends and advances were found in the ecosystem approach of the flood pulse, related to the height of the water level. Few studies address the flood pulse in terms of duration and frequency. The flood pulse is shown as a consolidated concept, emerging as a highly sensitive tool in the face of short, medium and long-term environmental changes, such as climate change, making it possible to identify and deal with socio-environmental challenges and point out participatory governance mechanisms.