El conocimiento de comunidades de parásitos es muy abundante en peces marinos; sin embargo, hay varias especies que tienen escasa información parasitológica, como es el caso de Patagonotothen tessellata (Richardson, 1845), que posee una amplia distribución y abundancia en la Patagonia. Este estudio tuvo como objetivos determinar la composición comunitaria de parásitos en P. tessellata, y determinar el efecto del sexo de los hospederos en la composición parasítica a través de los descriptores poblacionales y comunitarios de parásitos. En enero de 2018 se recolectaron 118 ejemplares de P. tessellata en dos localidades cercanas entre sí, Muelle Prat y Muelle Remota, Puerto Natales, Chile Austral. En los peces capturados se encontró un total de 13 especies de parásitos, principalmente del Phylum Nematoda y Acanthocephala, de los cuales el nemátodo Pseudodelphis sp. seguido por el acantocéfalo Hypoechinorhynchus magellanicus (Szidat, 1950) fueron los de mayor prevalencia (78,8% y 53,4%, respectivamente) y abundancia (7,18 ± 17,95 y 7,30 ± 15,21, respectivamente). Se determinó que hospederos machos y hembras tenían iguales tamaños corporales y la misma correlación positiva entre peso-longitud, además, no se observaron diferencias significativas en composición y carga parasitaria. Mientras que el género de los peces tampoco afectó la composición parasítica para P. tessellata, pues, no hubo diferencias significativas en la prevalencia ni en la abundancia promedio de las especies de parásitos entre hospederos machos y hembras. Estos resultados indican la semejanza en las comunidades de parásitos entre sexos de P. tessellata y dan a presumir de que las condiciones del hábitat o la dieta de este pez son similares entre machos y hembras. De este modo, ambos grupos estarían expuestos a la infección de las mismas especies parásitas y en similares condiciones ambientales.
The aims of the workshop where threefold:
a) establish an international network on Design Literacy,
b) articulate how network membership might support personal goals,
c) share information regarding how the participants might contribute into the network in terms of research expertise, funding, networks.
The workshop gathered a group of 21 international scholars who were interested in exploring the emerging area of the Design Literacy. Production and consumption are very much tight around human designed and made systems – how can citizens become aware of their vital role in shaping the world and support a better tomorrow for both people and planet? How does the uptake of design literacies evolve across diverse field of education (both universities and K12), policy development and commercial organisations?
In the last three decades, the application of TUIs (tangible user interfaces) in education has demonstrated its positive influence on performance and learning of students. At Universidad del Desarrollo in Chile, monitoring of diagnostic tests over time evidences difficulties and challenges in the teaching-learning of trigonometry in first-year Engineering education. This study consisted in designing and validating a tangible interface to learn trigonometry in the classroom setting. The methodology used was a quasi-experiment with first-year students from the Schools of Design and Engineering at Universidad del Desarrollo in Chile. Principles of the theory of Embodied Cognition and Blended Interaction were applied to model an intuitive, collaborative and meaningful learning experience. During the design process, three Intermediate Models were tested with several types of users, and two Prototypes were tested with an experimental group. User-testing highly contributed to the design of the interaction experience and the interface, progressively defining the functional and pedagogical aspects. Comparative analysis of Pre and Post-Test results, demonstrate that students’ performance increased by 37.1% after two sessions using the interface.
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