No abstract

Roles en bullying de adolescentes y preadolescentes, y su relación con el clima social y los estilos educativos parentales Fuensanta Cerezo, Consuelo Sánchez, Cecilia Ruiz, y Julián-Jesús Arense Universidad de MurciaResumen En este estudio se analiza la relación entre la dinámica bullying y variables del contexto escolar y familiar y estilos educativos familiares, e indaga en las diferencias según el rol en bullying. La muestra estuvo constituida por 847 estudiantes (450 chicos y 397 chicas), entre 9 y 18 años de edad (M = 12.73; DT = 2.34), de Educación Primaria (426) y Secundaria (421), de 38 grupos intactos de 5 centros escolares de diferentes regiones españolas. Los resultados indican que los implicados en bullying son más rechazados que los no implicados, siendo las víctimas las más excluidas y con menor nivel de relaciones escolares. El contexto familiar es valorado positivamente. El estilo autoritativo es el más frecuente, entre los no implicados predomina el indulgente, negligente en los agresores y autoritario o autoritativo en las víctimas. La inconsistencia en los estilos entre ambos progenitores unida al rechazo de los iguales está relacionada con la victimización.Palabras clave: Bullying, clima familiar, estilos educativos, clima escolar, rechazo. AbstractThis study analyzes the relation among bullying, some family and school context variables, and parenting styles, and investigates the differences by role in bullying. The sample was composed by 847 pupils (450 male and 397 female) from 9 to 18 years old (M = 12.73; SD = 2.338), from Primary (426) and Secondary (421) schools, from 38 intact groups of 5 schools randomly selected from different Spanish Regions. Results show that those involved in bullying are more rejected, and victims are the most rejected and have lower relationships among pupils. Family context is positively scored. The authoritative parental style is the most frequent. Not involved pupils perceive an indulgent style more frequently than involved ones; bullies perceive more negligent and victims more authoritarian or authoritative. The unsteadiness on parental styles between both parents plus been rejected by peers is pointed out as victimization support.

The seasonal flight of Hylurgus ligniperda (Fabr.) and Hylastes ater (Paykull) and the effect of log placement in Pinus radiata D. Don plantations on colonization by these species in Chile are described. Seasonal flight activity was monitored with α-pinene and ethanol-baited traps at three sites and colonization synchrony with trap logs. In two experiments with individual logs and log decks, data were recorded on adults found under the logs, attacks on the bark surface, and adults beneath the bark of logs in three storage treatments: individual logs and log decks (1) touching the soil; (2) elevated above the soil; and (3) touching other logs (individual logs) or logs separated with spacers (log decks). Each treatment was replicated in a plantation and a clearcut. At San José (region IX) and Peña Blanca (region VIII), H. ligniperda flew primarily in spring and H. ater flew in spring and fall. At Brasil (region VIII), H. ligniperda and H. ater flew primarily in summer through fall. The flight of H. ligniperda was more synchronized with colonization of logs than was that of H. ater. The mean number of attacks was significantly higher on individual logs and log decks stored on the soil than on those elevated above the soil, and significantly higher in the clearcut than in the plantation. Mean numbers of adults beneath the bark did not vary significantly among individual-log treatments, but were significantly lower in the log decks separated by spacers. Logging during nondispersal periods (June–August in regions VIII–X) and storing log decks above the soil could reduce beetle colonization of newly cut logs. With this information, management of recently cut logs (harvesting, transport, and storage operations) could be scheduled and executed so as to reduce the risk of these species being introduced into log-importing countries.

No abstract

No abstract