The article proposes identification of the most likely ways of institutional changes in the system of pedagogical education in the conditions of innovation, taking into account global socioeconomic and socio-cultural trends that define the essential aspects of training future teachers. It analyzes international trends of modernization of education, which largely determine the directions of pedagogical education development. The problems of values change in modern education are discussed. The materials are prepared within the framework of the project «Promising models of development of pedagogical education in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the conditions of realization of «Kazakhstan – 2050 » Strategy approved by the decision of National scientific council of the Ministry of education and science of the Republic of Kazakhstan «Intellectual potential of the country».

Innovative approaches to the formation of human resources for Russia’s high-technology industry branches as exemplified by nanotechnological education are considered in the article.

The article touches upon the problem of intercultural dialogue formation in educational and scientific environment. Intercultural dialogue is considered as a personal and social process. Goals, objectives and forms of dialogical cooperation are defined regarding Liminality and network environment.

This article discusses the problems of efficiency of the existing system of teacher training, as well as changes of its content and the conditions for the development of a mechanism for its improvement based on Russian and foreign experience, taking into account the requirements of the federal target programme for the development of education in 2011–2015, Federal Law No. 273 of 29.12.2012 "on education in the Russian Federation", the modernization of pedagogical education, State program of the Russian Federation "Development of education" for 2013–2020 years" (approved by decree of the Government of the Russian Federation and other documents.

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