Based on the identified global challenges of the XXI century, the authors attempted to define the main directions of development of pedagogical education in Russia. The article provides the author´s view on the possible directions of development of pedagogical education in Russia. Among them: the international harmonization of structures and content of teacher education related to an objective necessity of formation of a common, interdependent Eurasian educational space; humanization, humanitarization of professional education of future teachers related to the humanistic orientation of public consciousness at the international level; vocational selection of future teachers as the basis for the formation of high-quality professionals with a high level of readiness; practice-oriented character of teacher education associated with the consideration of not only the specialty, but also the nature of the institutions; the relationship and interdependence of cultural, historical, psychological-pedagogical, national and organizational basis for the design and construction of higher pedagogical education; selection to educational institutions on grounds of professional suitability; operation and development of the existing system of continuous postgraduate) teacher education as a condition of permanent increase of level of professionalism of teachers.