The cranio-orbital foramen is an osseous anatomical landmark located on the postero superior aspect of the lateral wall of the orbit. This foramen is also called as meningo orbital foramen. This bony canal not always present in human skull, when it is present it contains a branch from the middle meningeal artery, providing accessory blood supply to the orbit. It is a potential source of hemorrhage during surgical procedures of the lateral wall of the orbit because it is the location of an anastomosis between the lacrimal artery and the middle meningeal artery.The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence, and number of cranio-orbital foramina in telangana population of india. Material & Methods: In the present study, 100 adult human skulls were studied at Department of Anatomy of various medical colleges present in Telangana state of south India. Results: Among 100 skulls, we found cranio orbital foramen in 57 orbits (40skulls) in which 17 skulls have bilateral foramina and 23 were unilateral. Conclusion: With the knowledge of incidence of this foramen, surgeons and ophthomologists can avoid accidental hemorrhage during surgical procedures done on the lateral wall of the orbit.

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The knowledge of the morphometric study of the infra orbital foramen is very much essential to prevent clinical complications during maxillofacial surgeries and regional block anaesthesia. The aim of the study is to locate the position, size and shape of the infra orbital foramen in adult human skulls of Telangana region of south India. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 dry adult human skulls of unknown age and sex were studied. The distance between infra orbital foramen and inferior orbital margin and from the foramen to the piriform aperture of the nose were measured. The vertical and horizontal diameters were also studied. Variation in shapes of the foramen and the presence of any accessory foramnina were observed. All measurements were taken with a compass transferred to callipers and analysed statistically. Results: The mean distances between the infra orbital foramen and the infra orbital margin on the right and left side were 7.9mm and 8.1mm respectively. The mean distances between the infra orbital foramen and the piriform aperture were 18.3mm and, 17.8mm on right and left sides respectively. The mean vertical dimensions on the right and left side were 3.2mm, and 3.1mm respectively. The mean horizontal dimensions on the two sides were 2.2mm and 2.3mm. Maximum number of foramina was oval in shape. Conclusion: The present study provide detailed knowledge of anatomical characteristics and clinical importance of the infra orbital foramen, which are of paramount importance for surgeons when performing maxillofacial surgery and regional block anaesthesia

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Objective: Styloid process is a slender bony projection, pointing downwards from the temporal bone. An elongated styloid process can compress the vital vessels and nerves close to it. Aim of the present study was to emphasize the styloid process morphometry and its clinical importance in study population Materials and Methods: Styloid process of temporal bone was studied by using 52 three dimensional CT scans of both sexes.Results: The mean length of the styloid process on right and left side was 3.15± 0.52cm, 3.03 ± 0.55 cm. The mean width of the right and left styloid process was 0.74 ± 0.17 cm, 0.72 ± 0.19 cm. The mean medial angulation of right and left styloid process was 61.5° ± 8.17°, 61.6° ± 6.29° respectively. Conclusion:Morphometric evaluation of the styloid process is clinically important because of its closeness to important neurovascular structures. Data obtained from the present study may useful for physicians, surgeons, radiologists, otorhinolaryngologists, dentists and for anatomists as an academic interest.