An ultra-low-leakage power-rail ESD clamp circuit, composed of the SCR device and new ESD detection circuit, has been proposed with consideration of gate current to reduce the standby leakage current. By controlling the gate current of the devices in the ESD detection circuit under a specified bias condition, the whole power-rail ESD clamp circuit can achieve an ultra-low standby leakage current. The new proposed circuit has been fabricated in a 1 V 65 nm CMOS process for experimental verification. The new proposed power-rail ESD clamp circuit can achieve 7 kV HBM and 325 V MM ESD levels while consuming only a standby leakage current of 96 nA at 1 V bias in room temperature and occupying an active area of only 49 m 21 m. Index Terms-Electrostatic discharge (ESD), gate leakage, power-rail ESD clamp circuit, silicon controlled rectifier (SCR).

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