Volatile flavor compounds, taste compounds and sensory properties of QM were richer than those of TM, indicating that QM can not only maintain the original aroma of TM but also have advantages in taste compounds.

Background The objective of this survey was to explore the association between pregnancy complications and perinatal outcome from regionally total birth population. Methods In this prospectively collected data of complete birth registries from all level I-III hospitals in Huai’an in 2015, perinatal morbidity and mortality in relation to pregnancy complications and perinatal outcome were analyzed using international definitions. The results were compared with that of 2010 survey in the same region. Results Of 59,424 total births in the hospitals of level I ( n = 85), II (16) and III (6), delivery rate was 30.4, 40.1 and 29.5%, and rates of pregnancy complications were 12.9, 9.8 and 21.1% (average 14.1%), with antenatal corticosteroids rate in < 37 gestational weeks being 17.3, 31.0 and 39.9% (mean 36.6%), respectively. The preterm birth rate was 0.6, 2.7 and 9.5% (mean 4.06%), and the composite rate of fetal death, stillbirth, and death immediately after delivery was 0.1, 0.4 and 0.6%, respectively. By multivariable logistic regression analysis, congenital anomalies, low Apgar scores, multi-pregnancy and amniotic fluid contamination were risk factors of adverse perinatal outcomes. Despite a higher rate of pregnancy complications than in 2010 survey, perinatal and neonatal mortality continued to fall, in particular in very preterm births. The high cesarean delivery rate in non-medically indicated cases remained a challenge. Conclusions Our regional birth-population data in 2015 revealed a robust and persistent improvement in the perinatal care and management of high risk pregnancies and deliveries, which should enable more studies using similar concept and protocol for vital statistics to verify the reliability and feasibility. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12884-019-2323-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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The thermal structure and energy balance of upper atmosphere are dominated by solar activity. The response of cold‐point mesopause (CPM) to solar activity is an important form. This article presents the response of the temperature of CPM (T‐CPM) to solar activity using 14 year Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry data series over 80°S–80°N regions. These regions are divided into 16 latitude zones with 10° interval, and the spatial areas of 80°S–80°N, 180°W–180°E are divided into 96 lattices with 10°(latitude) × 60°(longitude) grid. The annual‐mean values of T‐CPM and F10.7 are calculated. The least squares regression method and correlation analysis are applied to these annual‐mean series. First, the results show that the global T‐CPM is significantly correlated to solar activity at the 0.05 level of significance with correlation coefficient of 0.90. The global solar response of T‐CPM is 4.89 ± 0.67 K/100 solar flux unit. Then, for each latitude zone, the solar response of T‐CPM and its fluctuation are obtained. The solar response of T‐CPM becomes stronger with increasing latitude. The fluctuation ranges of solar response at middle‐latitude regions are smaller than those of the equator and high‐latitude regions, and the global distribution takes on W shape. The corelationship analysis shows that the T‐CPM is significantly correlated to solar activity at the 0.05 level of significance for each latitude zone. The correlation coefficients at middle‐latitude regions are higher than those of the equator and high‐latitude regions, and the global distribution takes on M shape. At last, for each grid cell, the response of T‐CPM to solar activity and their correlation coefficient are presented.