Our findings indicate that the rs751402 C/T SNP has potential as a predictive marker for the risk of GCA and that carriers of the T/T genotype should receive periodic upper gastrointestinal fiber tests to facilitate the early detection and early treatment of GCA.

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N 6 -methyladenosine (m 6 A), the most abundant RNA modification, can participate in various physiological functions and pathological processes by regulating the expression or structure of genes due to its involvement in all aspects of RNA metabolism. Thus, the genetic variant that influences m 6 A, such as m 6 A-associated single nucleotide polymorphism (m 6 A-SNP), which is in close proximity to or in the methylation site, may be related to various pathological processes by increasing or decreasing the m 6 A methylation level due to the alteration of the nucleotide. The present review summarizes the recent advances made in m 6 A-SNPs. Both the mining of genome-wide association studies and the combined analysis of the m6Avar database with expression quantitative trait loci datasets have identified functional variants and causal genes associated with various diseases and have provided new direction for future studies on disease pathogenesis. In particular, some studies have indicated that base change in m 6 A-sNps lead to alterations in m 6 A modification levels, a conversion from genetics to epigenetics, and the expression variation of corresponding genes, which may affect the biological behavior of cells and explain the association of m 6 A-SNPs with the risk or prognosis of diseases. In bladder cancer, colorectal cancer, coeliac disease, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, the overexpression of a specific allele alone can significantly modify the function of corresponding genes. On the whole, m 6 A-SNPs play a pivotal role in all stages of diseases. In the future, the identification of m 6 A-SNPs as disease biomarkers and ascertaining the functions of these m 6 A-SNPs may prove beneficial. This would help to identify susceptible individuals in a timely manner and clarify the roles of corresponding genes in the occurrence and progression of diseases, and would also aid in the development of novel treatment strategies, ultimately improving patients' survival. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Data mining of genome-wide association studies 3. Combined analysis of the m6Avar database and eQTLs 4. Effects and mechanisms of m 6 A sNps 5. Conclusion

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Objective: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), as a key enzyme in the base excision repair pathway, plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and progression. This study aimed to assess whether polymorphisms of PARP1 gene could be used as predictive biomarkers for the survival of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients from Cixian high-incidence region in northern China. Methods: In 203 ESCC patients with survival information, PARP1 rs1136410 T/C and rs8679 T/C single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction ligase detection reaction (PCR-LDR) method. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS ver. 22.0 software package (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Results: The mean age ± standard deviation of the ESCC patients was 60.4 ± 7.9 years. There was no significant relation of sex, age, smoking status and upper gastrointestinal cancer family history with the survival time of the ESCC patients. The mean survival time of rs1136410 T/T, T/C and C/C genotype carriers were 43.3, 42.3 and 46.6 months, respectively. The rs1136410 was not associated with the survival time of the ESCC patients. For rs8679, the mean survival time of T/T genotype carriers was 43.7 months, which was not significantly different from that of the patients with T/C genotype (42.1 months). Conclusion: In Cixian high-incidence region from northern China, rs1136410 and rs8679 SNPs might not be used to predict survival of ESCC patients. There is a need to explore whether other SNPs of PARP1 gene have an effect on prognosis of ESCC patients.