Pseudorabies virus (PRV) belongs to the Herpesviridae family, and is an important veterinary pathogen. Highly pathogenic PRV variants have caused severe epidemics in China since 2011, causing huge economic losses. To tackle the epidemics, we identified a panel of mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against PRV glycoprotein B (gB) that effectively block PRV infection. Among these 15 mAbs, fourteen of them block PRV entry in a complement-dependent manner. The remaining one, 1H1 mAb, however can directly neutralize the virus independent of complement and displays broad-spectrum neutralizing activities. We further determined the crystal structure of PRV gB and mapped the epitopes of these antibodies on the structure. Interestingly, all the complement-dependent neutralizing antibodies bind gB at the crown region (domain IV). In contrast, the epitope of 1H1 mAb is located at the bottom of domain I, which includes the fusion loops, indicating 1H1 mAb might neutralize the virus by interfering with the membrane fusion process. Our studies demonstrate that gB contains multiple B-cell epitopes in its crown and base regions and that antibodies targeting different epitopes block virus infection through different mechanisms. These findings would provide important clues for antiviral drug design and vaccine development.

The novel The Night Watch（2006）by Sarah Waters, a contemporary British novelist, tells the story of four women whose fortunes were intertwined before and after World War II. By Judith Butler’s theory of gender performativity, this paper analyzes the wartime female images in the novel. Women’ s wartime drag subverts the binary opposition of people’s presupposed notion about sex and women’ s occupation of men’ job that breaks the fictitious perception of gender opposition; the lesbian love affairs challenge the compulsory heterosexuality. Through the interpretations of the feminist thoughts conveyed by Waters in The Night Watch and Butler’s theory of gender performativity, it can be discovered that the nature of gender identity is actually fictional and can be constructed, reflecting the appeal for gender equality.

The syntheses are reported of the 1,1,5-trimethyl-2,8-dioxa-5-aza-1-stannabicyclo[3.3.0]octane MeN(CH2CH2O)2SnMe2 (1), its monosodium aminoalcoholate adduct [MeN(CH2CH2O)2SnMe2·MeN(CH2CH2ONa)(CH2CH2OH)]2 (2), and the hexanuclear organotin oxo cluster [MeN(CH2CH2O)2SnMe2·Me2SnO]3 (3). The compounds were characterized by 1H, 13C, and 119Sn NMR spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. In the solid state, compound 1 is a tetramer that is brought about by intermolecular O→Sn interactions. In solution, however, it shows a monomer ⇌ dimer equilibrium that is fast on the 1H, 13C, and 119Sn NMR time scales at room temperature. All compounds show intramolecular N→Sn interactions at Sn–N distances ranging between 2.378(3) Å (2) and 3.026(3) Å (3·0.25H2O). Compound 3 can formally be regarded as a molecular dimethyltin oxide being trapped by head-to-tail complexation with a stannabicyclooctane. In solution, it slowly falls apart into 1 and Me2SnO.

Piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer (pMUT) rangefinders have been rapidly developed in the last decade. With high output pressure to enable long-range detection and low power consumption (16 μW for over 1 m range detection has been reported), pMUT rangefinders have drawn extensive attention to mobile range-finding. pMUT rangefinders with different strategies to enhance range-finding performance have been developed, including the utilization of pMUT arrays, advanced device structures, and novel piezoelectric materials, and the improvements of range-finding methods. This work briefly introduces the working principle of pMUT rangefinders and then provides an extensive overview of recent advancements that improve the performance of pMUT rangefinders, including advanced pMUT devices and range-finding methods used in pMUT rangefinder systems. Finally, several derivative systems of pMUT rangefinders enabling pMUT rangefinders for broader applications are presented.

We study in this article the cohomological properties of Lagrangian families on projective hyper-Kähler manifolds. First, we give a criterion for the vanishing of Abel-Jacobi maps of Lagrangian families. Using this criterion, we show that under a natural condition, if the variation of Hodge structures on the degree 1 cohomomology of the fibers of the Lagrangian family is maximal, its Abel-Jacobi map is trivial. We also construct Lagrangian families on generalized Kummer varieties whose Abel-Jacobi map is not trivial, showing that our criterion is optimal.