Ultra-small red micro-LEDs (<10 μm) with measurable output power have proved difficult to demonstrate. The smallest state-of-the-art red micro-LEDs (AlInGaP) to have exhibited a decent output power of ∼1.75 mW mm−2 are 20 μm × 20 μm in dimension. InGaN-based red micro-LED development has primarily been impeded due to the large lattice mismatch between the substrate and the quantum wells along with fabrication challenges such as low damage etching. In this work, we demonstrate 6 μm × 6 μm sized InGaN red micro-LEDs with an on-wafer external quantum efficiency of 0.2% and light output power reaching 2.1 mW mm−2.

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In order to achieve high breakdown voltage in GaN vertical power devices, low threading dislocation density and low background carrier concentration is required. This work demonstrates a decrease in the background carrier concentration and threading dislocation density (TDD) with an increase in the thickness of un-intentionally doped (UID) GaN grown on sapphire. p-n diodes grown and fabricated on this epi, . This is the highest reported FOM value for p-n diodes on GaN on sapphire or Si. Lowering the carrier concentration and dislocation density is thus shown to be critical for achieving high breakdown voltages on GaN on sapphire.

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Drought transcriptome analysis of finger millet (Eleusine coracana) by cDNA subtraction identified drought responsive genes that have a potential role in drought tolerance. Through virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in a related crop species, maize (Zea mays), several genes, including a G-BOX BINDING FACTOR 3 (GBF3) were identified as candidate drought stress response genes and the role of GBF3 in drought tolerance was studied in Arabidopsis thaliana. Overexpression of both EcGBF3 and AtGBF3 in A. thaliana resulted in improved tolerance to osmotic stress, salinity and drought stress in addition to conferring insensitivity to ABA. Conversely, loss of function of this gene increased the sensitivity of A. thaliana plants to drought stress. EcGBF3 transgenic A. thaliana results also suggest that drought tolerance of sensitive plants can be improved by transferring genes from far related crops like finger millet. Our results demonstrate the role of GBF3 in imparting drought tolerance in A. thaliana and indicate the conserved role of this gene in drought and other abiotic stress tolerance in several plant species.