In the current study analysis, a 20% CINV event rate per CT cycle per patient was predicted with an associated all-cause average daily total cost of approximately $1850. Further studies on early and appropriate antiemetic prophylaxis on CINV rates and economic outcomes are warranted.

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Although patients with ADPKD were generally healthier than patients with CKD, specific kidney function complications were more frequent. Patients with ADPKD had a higher rate of major kidney procedures, which may contribute to the high burden of ADPKD-related hospital-based inpatient resource utilization.

Anti‐activated factor X (Anti‐Xa) monitoring is more precise than activated partial thromboplastin (aPTT). 20 804 hospitalized cardiovascular patients monitored with Anti‐Xa or aPTT were analyzed. Adjusted transfusion rates were significantly lower for patients monitored with Anti‐Xa. Adoption of Anti‐Xa protocols could reduce transfusions among cardiovascular patients in the US. Summary BackgroundAnticoagulant activated factor X protein (Anti‐Xa) has been shown to be a more precise monitoring tool than activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) for patients receiving unfractionated heparin (UFH) anticoagulation therapy. ObjectivesTo compare red blood cell (RBC) transfusions between patients receiving UFH who are monitored with Anti‐Xa and those monitored with aPTT. Patients/MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) (N = 14 822), diagnosed with ischemic stroke (STK) (N = 1568) or with a principal diagnosis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) (N = 4414) in the MedAssets data from January 2009 to December 2013. Anti‐Xa and aPTT groups were identified from hospital billing details, with both brand and generic name as search criteria. Propensity score techniques were used to match Anti‐Xa cases to aPTT controls. RBC transfusions were identified from hospital billing data. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify significant drivers of transfusions. ResultsAnti‐Xa patients had fewer RBC transfusions than aPTT patients in the ACS population (difference 17.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 16.4–18.7%), the STK population (difference 8.2%; 95% CI 4.4–11.9%), and the VTE population (difference 4.7%; 95% CI 3.3–6.1%). After controlling for patient age and gender, diagnostic risks (e.g. anemia, renal insufficiency, and trauma), and invasive procedures (e.g. cardiac catheterization, hemodialysis, and coronary artery bypass graft), Anti‐Xa patients were less likely to have a transfusion while hospitalized for ACS (odds ratio [OR] 0.16, 95% CI 0.14–0.18), STK (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.29–0.57), and VTE (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.26–0.48). ConclusionAnti‐Xa monitoring was associated with a significant reduction in RBC transfusions as compared with aPTT monitoring alone.

On average, alvimopan-treated patients had a lower incidence of mortality and most incidents of morbidities. Length of stay, ICU use, and estimated cost were also lower with comparable readmissions. These results in patients outside the clinical trial setting include laparoscopic colectomy and demonstrate a potential association between acceleration of gastrointestinal recovery and improved early postoperative outcomes.