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Abstract. Tourism development can occur to the detriment of real or perceived access to major tourist destinations by local residents. They can find access changed due to privatization of assets or imposition of restrictions on the permissible uses. Drawing upon this subset of tourism impact on the host community, this study analyzes the access by local residents to Mount Kinabalu in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Specifically, it examines the retention of access to the mountain for local Sabahans. Interviews with park management were conducted and questionnaires were distributed to local residents. The results show that the number of Sabahan climbers has always been significantly lower than other Malaysian and foreign climbers, despite the introduction of the Sabahan rate. Additionally, the actual number of Sabahan climbers is lower than the allocated quota potential. The paper proposes several recommendations that the park management can consider to ensure local Sabahans will have a fair and equal access to Mount Kinabalu.

Sandakan Memorial Park was established to commemorate the suffering and death of British and Australian soldiers and other civilians that were imprisoned in Sandakan by the Japanese army during the Second World War between 1942 until 1945. Using Sandakan Memorial Park as a case study, this paper seeks to contribute to the literature on dark tourism by looking at the phenomenon in terms of visitor motivation and engagement. A mixed method of inquiry utilizing both qualitative and quantitative approaches was adopted in order to verify identified variables and achieve the study's objectives. Contrary to prevailing scholarship on dark tourism, the study discovered that morbid curiosity and the contemplation of death were not among the primary reasons that western tourists visited Sandakan Memorial Park. Rather, especially in the case of Australian tourists, the perception of national heritage and a desire to learn were the key motivating factors. This paper also highlights the importance of on-site interpretation ¬as a means to enhance the didactic and emotional value of the tourist experience at a dark tourism site.