Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is an optimized approach for bone regeneration to overcome the disadvantages of lacking donors. Biocompatibility, biodegradability, simulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), and excellent mechanical properties are essential characteristics of BTE scaffold, sometimes including drug loading capacity. Electrospinning is a simple technique to prepare fibrous scaffolds because of its efficiency, adaptability, and flexible preparation of electrospinning solution. Recent studies about electrospinning in BTE are summarized in this review. First, we summarized various types of polymers used in electrospinning and methods of electrospinning in recent work. Then, we divided them into three parts according to their main role in BTE, (1) ECM simulation, (2) mechanical support, and (3) drug delivery system.

The electron transport layer (ETL) with excellent charge extraction and transport ability is one of the key components of high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). SnO2 has been considered as a more promising ETL for the future commercialization of PSCs due to its excellent photoelectric properties and easy processing. Herein, we propose a facile and effective ETL modification strategy based on the incorporation of methylenediammonium dichloride (MDACl2) into the SnO2 precursor colloidal solution. The effects of MDACl2 incorporation on charge transport, defect passivation, perovskite crystallization, and PSC performance are systematically investigated. First, the surface defects of the SnO2 film are effectively passivated, resulting in the increased conductivity of the SnO2 film, which is conducive to electron extraction and transport. Second, the MDACl2 modification contributes to the formation of high-quality perovskite films with improved crystallinity and reduced defect density. Furthermore, a more suitable energy level alignment is achieved at the ETL/perovskite interface, which facilitates the charge transport due to the lower energy barrier. Consequently, the MDACl2-modified PSCs exhibit a champion efficiency of 22.30% compared with 19.62% of the control device, and the device stability is also significantly improved.

Sambucus javanica Blume. is a Chinese native medicinal plant with high medicinal value. In this study, the MaxEnt model was used to explore the relationship between the geographical distribution of S. javanica and environmental factors, and to construct the distribution pattern of S. javanica under different climate scenarios. The results showed that the environmental conditions suitable for the distribution of S. javanica were as follows: precipitation in June ranged from 156.36 mm to 383.25 mm; solar radiation in December ranged from 6750.00 kJ·m-2·day-1 to 10521.00 kJ·m-2·day-1; isothermality ranged from 24.06 to 35.50; precipitation of warmest quarter ranged from 447.92 mm to 825.00 mm. Among them, precipitation and temperature were the key environmental factors affecting the distribution patterns of S. javanica. This plant could grow well mainly in two regions in China, covering a total area of 2.73 × 106 km2. The first region mainly consists of Guizhou, western Hubei, southeastern Chongqing, southwestern Hunan, northern Guangxi, and a small part of eastern Yunnan. The second region mainly consists of Zhejiang, southern Anhui, and northern Fujian. Under the future SSP126 and SSP585 scenarios, potentially suitable habitats in the eastern part of the potential distribution of S. javanica (Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, and Anhui) might be at risk of habitat fragmentation. Based on the result of this study, Real-time monitoring of wild groups of S. javanica is now recommended to protect its genetic diversity. These findings are supposed to promote the effective conservation and utilization of S. javanica in the future.

Sambucus javanica Blume. is a Chinese native medicinal plant with high medicinal value. In this study, the MaxEnt model was used to explore the relationship between the geographical distribution of S. javanica and environmental factors, and to construct the distribution pattern of S. javanica under different climate scenarios. The results showed that the environmental conditions suitable for the distribution of S. javanica were as follows: precipitation in June ranged from 156.36 mm to 383.25 mm; solar radiation in December ranged from 6750.00 kJ•m-2•day-1 to 10521.00 kJ•m-2•day-1; isothermality ranged from 24.06 to 35.50; precipitation of warmest quarter ranged from 447.92 mm to 825.00 mm. Among them, precipitation and temperature were the key environmental factors affecting the distribution patterns of S. javanica. This plant could grow well mainly in two regions in China, covering a total area of 2.73 × 106 km2. The rst region mainly consists of Guizhou, western Hubei, southeastern Chongqing, southwestern Hunan, northern Guangxi, and a small part of eastern Yunnan. The second region mainly consists of Zhejiang, southern Anhui, and northern Fujian. Under the future SSP126 and SSP585 scenarios, potentially suitable habitats in the eastern part of the potential distribution of S. javanica (Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang, and Anhui) might be at risk of habitat fragmentation.Based on the result of this study, Real-time monitoring of wild groups of S. javanica is now recommended to protect its genetic diversity. These ndings are supposed to promote the effective conservation and utilization of S. javanica in the future.