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The Streptococcus agalactiae colonization prevalence and its susceptibility to antimicrobials in pregnant women at University Hospital of Santa Maria (HUSM) were evaluated from June to December 2009. The vaginal-rectal material was inoculated into tubes containing Todd-Hewitt broth with subsequent subculture on blood agar. The GBS identification was made through presumptive tests, confirmed by serological test and its susceptibility was evaluated. The occurrence ofGBS maternal-fetal transmission in the colonized pregnant women was researched. The GBS colonization was 11.11%. All strains were susceptible to penicillin, ampicillin, and vancomycin. Two strains (50%) were intermediate to clindamycin and one (25%) intermediate to erythromycin. A newborn whose mother was colonized had early-onset neonatal infection by GBS. By this, it is very important the research about the colonization by GBS in all pregnant women from 35 to 37 weeks of gestation and the use of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for colonized pregnant women.Descriptors: Streptococcus agalactiae; Prevalence; Pregnant women; Newborns; Microbial Sensitivity Tests. RESUMOAvaliou-se a prevalência de colonização pelo Streptococcus agalactiae e o seu perfil de sensibilidade frente aos antimicrobianos em gestantes no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria (HUSM), de junho a dezembro de 2009. O material vaginal-retal foi inoculado em tubos contendo caldo Todd-Hewitt com posterior subcultura em ágar sangue. A identificação do EGB foi realizada através de testes presuntivos, confirmadas por teste sorológico e avaliado seu perfil de sensibilidade. Pesquisou-se ocorrência de transmissão materno-fetal do EGB nas gestantes colonizadas. A prevalência de colonização foi de 11,11%. Todas as cepas foram sensíveis à penicilina, ampicilina e vancomicina. Duas cepas (50%) foram intermediárias à clindamicina e uma (25%) intermediária à eritromicina. Um recém-nascido de mãe colonizada teve infecção neonatal de início precoce por EGB. Confirma-se a importância da pesquisa de colonização por EGB em todas as gestantes entre 35ª e 37ª semana de gestação e uso de quimioprofilaxia intraparto nas gestantes colonizadas.

The objective ofthis study was to characterize the prevalence and susceptibility profile ofStaphylococcus aureus isolates at University Hospital ofSanta Maria, through data collection at the Laboratory ofClinical Analysis, during April to June 2009. Were requested 3270 cultures and 1123 (34%) were positive. The prevalence of S. aureus in relation to positive cultures was 89 (7,93%). It was found that these strains, 33% were resistant to oxacillin and 34.45% showed resistance related erm gene. High sensitivity to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (72/80%) was detected for the automation and no strain showed resistance to vancomycin. Therefore, the prevalence of S. aureus and oxacillin resistance at HUSM were lower than observed in other tertiary hospitals in Brazil.

RESUMOIntrodução: Devido à sepse bacteriana associada à transfusão de concentrados plaquetários (CPs) ter sérias consequências clínicas para os pacientes, alguns procedimentos têm sido incorporados na preparação e no controle de qualidade dos componentes sanguíneos para reduzir o risco da contaminação bacteriana. Este artigo descreve a prevalência da contaminação bacteriana dos CPs que foram transfundidos, o espectro bacteriano detectado com seu perfil de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos e as reações transfusionais nos receptores. Métodos: Um total de 292 CPs (278 randômicos e 14 por aférese), proveniente do Hemocentro do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (HEMORGS) de Santa Maria foi testado. As quantidades de 100µL e 200µL foram coletadas da porção tubular da bolsa de plaquetas e semeadas utilizando dois tipos de metodologias. Resultados: Em cinco unidades(1,7%; 5/292) foram isoladas bactérias pela metodologia qualitativa e apenas uma pela quantitativa. Staphylococcus epidermidis foi o microrganismo identificado em todas as amostras. Dois pacientes apresentaram sepse associada à transfusão com desfecho fatal. Conclusões: A contaminação bacteriana pelas transfusões de CPs constitui-se num importante problema de saúde pública devido a sua associação com altas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade. Neste estudo, somente microrganismos gram-positivos foram isolados sendo que nenhuma amostra obtida por aférese apresentou contaminação. Palavras-chaves: Concentrados plaquetários. Contaminação bacteriana. Sepse. Staphylococcus epidermidis. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Bacterial sepsis associated with the transfusion of platelet concentrates (PCs) results in serious clinical implications for patients. Given these implications, certain procedures have been integrated into the preparation and quality control of blood components to reduce the risk of bacterial contamination. This article describes the prevalence of bacterial contamination on transfused PCs, the bacterial spectrum detected and their antimicrobial susceptibility profile and transfusion reactions in receptors. Methods: A total of 292 PCs (278 random and 14 per apheresis) from the Blood Center of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (HEMORGS), located in the city of Santa Maria, were tested. Quantities of 100µL and 200µL were collected from platelet bag tubing and seeded using two methodologies. Results: Using the qualitative methodology, bacteria were isolated in five units (1.7%; 5/292), while only one was isolated using the quantitative methodology. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the microorganism identified in all samples. Two patients died of transfusion-related sepsis. Conclusions: Bacterial contamination due to PC transfusion is considered a major public health problem due to its association with high rates of morbidity and mortality. In this study only gram-positive microorganisms were isolated and none of the samples obtained by apheresis presented contamination.