Analysis of the clinical significance of CoNS isolated from hemocultures and the precise detection of oxacillin resistance represent decisive factors for the correct choice of antibiotic therapy. Although vancomycin constitutes the normal treatment in most Brazilian hospitals, reduction in its use is recommended.
The objective ofthis study was to characterize the prevalence and susceptibility profile ofStaphylococcus aureus isolates at University Hospital ofSanta Maria, through data collection at the Laboratory ofClinical Analysis, during April to June 2009. Were requested 3270 cultures and 1123 (34%) were positive. The prevalence of S. aureus in relation to positive cultures was 89 (7,93%). It was found that these strains, 33% were resistant to oxacillin and 34.45% showed resistance related erm gene. High sensitivity to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (72/80%) was detected for the automation and no strain showed resistance to vancomycin. Therefore, the prevalence of S. aureus and oxacillin resistance at HUSM were lower than observed in other tertiary hospitals in Brazil.
The Streptococcus agalactiae colonization prevalence and its susceptibility to antimicrobials in pregnant women at University Hospital of Santa Maria (HUSM) were evaluated from June to December 2009. The vaginal-rectal material was inoculated into tubes containing Todd-Hewitt broth with subsequent subculture on blood agar. The GBS identification was made through presumptive tests, confirmed by serological test and its susceptibility was evaluated. The occurrence ofGBS maternal-fetal transmission in the colonized pregnant women was researched. The GBS colonization was 11.11%. All strains were susceptible to penicillin, ampicillin, and vancomycin. Two strains (50%) were intermediate to clindamycin and one (25%) intermediate to erythromycin. A newborn whose mother was colonized had early-onset neonatal infection by GBS. By this, it is very important the research about the colonization by GBS in all pregnant women from 35 to 37 weeks of gestation and the use of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis for colonized pregnant women.Descriptors: Streptococcus agalactiae; Prevalence; Pregnant women; Newborns; Microbial Sensitivity Tests.
RESUMOAvaliou-se a prevalência de colonização pelo Streptococcus agalactiae e o seu perfil de sensibilidade frente aos antimicrobianos em gestantes no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria (HUSM), de junho a dezembro de 2009. O material vaginal-retal foi inoculado em tubos contendo caldo Todd-Hewitt com posterior subcultura em ágar sangue. A identificação do EGB foi realizada através de testes presuntivos, confirmadas por teste sorológico e avaliado seu perfil de sensibilidade. Pesquisou-se ocorrência de transmissão materno-fetal do EGB nas gestantes colonizadas. A prevalência de colonização foi de 11,11%. Todas as cepas foram sensíveis à penicilina, ampicilina e vancomicina. Duas cepas (50%) foram intermediárias à clindamicina e uma (25%) intermediária à eritromicina. Um recém-nascido de mãe colonizada teve infecção neonatal de início precoce por EGB. Confirma-se a importância da pesquisa de colonização por EGB em todas as gestantes entre 35ª e 37ª semana de gestação e uso de quimioprofilaxia intraparto nas gestantes colonizadas.
A infecção do trato urinário (ITU) é considerada uma das doenças mais comuns de origem bacteriana. Objetivou-se determinar a prevalência de ITU em pacientes atendidos no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria, o agente mais isolado, a incidência entre os sexos e a faixa etária mais acometida. Realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo das uroculturas solicitadas no HUSM, no período de 2007 à 2010, as quais foram cultivadas no setor de Microbiologia do Laboratório de Análises Clínicas. Dos 34.898 exames solicitados, 6.190 (17,74%) foram positivos. O sexo feminino apresentou o maior percentual de positividade (72,94%) e a faixa etária feminina mais acometida foi entre 14 a 40 anos (37,6%) e a masculina entre 41 a 64 anos (10,6%). O microrganismo prevalente foi a Escherichia coli com 31,9%. A partir deste estudo pôde-se verificar que os bacilos gram-negativos (BGN) foram os patógenos prevalentes, além disso, ocorreu um significativo número de isolados de Candida sp.
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