Objetivo: Revisar na literatura os aspectos atuais sobre a utilização da Phyllanthus niruri (quebra-pedra) no tratamento da litíase renal. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, realizada por meio de levantamento bibliográfico de publicações que investigaram o uso da Phyllanthus niruri no tratamento da litíase renal, indexadas às bases de dados Pubmed, Scielo e Lilacs. Foram incluídos artigos originais, com desenho transversal, caso-controle e coorte, bem como, artigos de revisão, em inglês, português e espanhol, sem limites de ano de publicação. Resultados: Do total de 52 artigos, 17,3% (n=9) foram incluídos para leitura integral e discussão. Os resultados disponíveis permitiram verificar os benefícios do uso da P. niruri no controle da urolitíase, suas ações antiespasmódicas e anti-hiperalgésicas, e seus compostos fitoquímicos envolvidos em sua ação terapêutica. Em relação a toxicidade, esta não foi observada com uso de chás e extratos, embora seja contraindicada na gestação. Sua atividade farmacológica foi positiva, assim como seu resultado clínico e mercadológico. Final considerations: Conclui-se, portanto, que a “quebra-pedra” possui potencial clínico para abordagem terapêutica da litíase renal em humanos.
Background: The diet of Brazilian adolescents is characterized by high intake of fats and sugars and low intake of antioxidant micronutrients, particularly vitamins A and E. In addition to dietary inadequacies, a significant number of these adolescents present changes in plasma lipoproteins, which may be caused by environmental and lifestyle factors. Objective: To investigate the association between inadequate intake of vitamins A and E and changes in plasma lipoprotein concentrations in Brazilian adolescents. Method: Cross-sectional, descriptive, multicenter, school-based, nationwide study with 37,023 Brazilian adolescents aged 12 to 17 years. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, vitamin A and E intake, and lipid and anthropometric profile were collected. The Student’s t-test was used to compare means and a logistic regression to verify associations; analyses were conducted in the STATA software version 14.0. The study was approved by the Ethics Committees of the participating institutions and all participants signed an Assent Form. Results: The average vitamin A intake was higher among boys, but consumption below the recommendation was found in both sexes. Inadequate intake of vitamins A and E was associated with a higher risk of low HDL-c levels in male and public school adolescents. Low vitamin E intake was associated with a higher risk of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia in Brazilian adolescents. Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of inadequate intake of vitamins A and E among Brazilian adolescents and data suggesting associations between low intake of these micronutrients and changes in plasma lipoprotein concentrations in this public.
Objetivou-se realizar uma reflexão voltada aos desafios e perspectivas no enfrentamento da obesidade na atenção básica. A obesidade consiste em grave problema de saúde pública, considerada epidemia mundial. Sua prevenção no âmbito da atenção primária à saúde exige mobilização de equipe multiprofissional qualificada e integrada. Os profissionais veiculam estratégias de educação alimentar e nutricional direcionadas aos indivíduos, famílias e comunidades; contribuem para o fortalecimento do direito à alimentação saudável e estabelecem vínculos com os usuários do sistema de saúde. O atendimento no nível primário de assistência torna-se momento oportuno para mudanças de hábitos alimentares. Dificuldades relacionadas a esta temática são recorrentes na prática profissional dos nutricionistas, o que exige mudança no olhar da gestão pública para maior suporte à assistência nutricional. Recomenda-se a capacitação dos profissionais da atenção básica envolvidos nos processos de cuidado, a fim de reformularem as suas práticas de formação e adotar novos conceitos e práticas no processo de trabalho a fim de melhorar a qualidade de vida da população, promovendo saúde e prevenindo a obesidade e seus agravos.
This study aimed to evaluate the physical-chemical composition and hypoglycemic properties of okra and eggplant flours. Initially, the vegetables were dehydrated, crushed to the point of flour, conditioned and stored until use. The flours were subjected to physical-chemical evaluation to determine the moisture, lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and polyphenols contents and, then, the experimental analysis was carried out. This was done using Swiss mice, distributed in 6 groups (n = 3), one healthy, two diabetic controls and three diabetics treated with commercial diets containing eggplant flour, okra and the mixture of the two flours. The survey lasted 20 days, with daily measurement of water and food and, in the interval of 5 days, blood glucose and weight. The research was approved by the Animal Experimentation Ethics Committee of the same institution, under protocol number 157/16. Statistical analysis was performed using STATISTICA Software version 7.0. The results showed that the flours have an important nutritional composition, mainly in terms of fiber content. In relation to functional activity, okra flour was able to significantly reduce the glycemia of mice when compared to eggplant flour, a result comparable to that of other authors, who emphasize the importance of fibers and bioactive compounds in obtaining this result. both flours had a good nutritional composition, but the okra was more efficient in reducing the glycemia of diabetic mice, and may become an alternative in the dietary treatment of this pathology.
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