The inappropriate activation of eosinophils is a well-recognized driver of various human inflammatory diseases including asthma, chronic rhinitis, and various gastrointestinal diseases, including eosinophilic esophagitis. Steroids, both topical and systemic, remain a cornerstone of treatment and can be highly effective.However, some individuals suffer side effects, unresolved symptoms, or both. OmeGo, an enzymatically liberated fish oil, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties as well the reduction of the activation, migration, and survival of eosinophils. Two animal models of eosinophilic inflammation were used to further assess OmeGo's profile. A house dust mite model of induced asthma showed a significant reduction in eosinophilic lung inflammation compared to the negative control, linoleic acid. The CRTH2 antagonist fevipiprant showed a similar eosinophilic inhibitory profile to OmeGo. In contrast, cod liver oil had no impact on any measure of inflammation. A guinea pig model of mild intraperitoneal eosinophilia showed a significant reduction in eosinophil activity by OmeGo, assessed by chemotaxis and chemokinesis. Apolipoprotein A-IV, an endogenous human protein with anti-inflammatory actions, showed a similar but numerically lower effect. OmeGo therefore combines a consistent antieosinophilic action with the known anti-inflammatory effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Proof-of-concept studies in asthma are warranted.

Eosinophils are a major driver of inflammation in a number of human diseases, including asthma. Biologic therapies targeting IL-5 have enabled better control of severe eosinophilic asthma, but no such advances have been made for enhancing the control of moderate asthma. However, a number of moderate asthma sufferers remain troubled by unresolved symptoms, treatment side effects, or both. OmeGo, an enzymatically liberated fish oil, has demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties including the reduction of eosinophilia. A house dust mite model of induced asthma in mice was utilized in this study, and OmeGo showed a significant reduction in eosinophilic lung and systemic inflammation and reduced lung remodelling compared to cod liver oil. The CRTH2 antagonist fevipiprant showed an anti-inflammatory profile similar to that of OmeGo. OmeGo has the potential to be a pragmatic, cost-effective co-treatment for less severe forms of eosinophilic asthma. Proof-of-concept studies are planned.

Healthy bone metabolism is a balance between bone formation and resorption. However, when resorption dominates progressive bone loss ensues. If this imbalance is not arrested, over time, osteopenia and finally osteoporosis will develop. This silent, ubiquitous process eventually leads to fragility fractures in the latter decades of life. Traditional calcium supplementation has clear limitations, driving the need for alternative calcium supplements to improve bone health. This study is a randomized, blinded, calcium-carbonate controlled cross-over study of serum calcium levels 24 h after CalGo™ (bone meal derived from Atlantic Salmon) oral supplementation in postmenopausal women. A significant increase in serum calcium levels were seen with CalGo™ compared to baseline values and as compared to calcium carbonate. All results remained within normal limits. No increases in serum levels of vitamin D or creatinine were observed with either supplement. We conclude that bone meal from Atlantic Salmon can offer an alternative for calcium supplementation.

Prostate cancer is a common cause of cancer death in men. In advanced stages of prostate cancer, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is initiated. Despite ADT, prostate cancers invariably progress to become androgen independent. A growing body of evidence implicates iron dysmetabolism in prostate cancer progression. A bioactive peptide-rich salmon protein hydrolysate (SPH) has previously been demonstrated to modulate iron homeostatic mechanisms. In the present study, the anticancer effect of SPH and bicalutamide co-treatment on LNCaP and PC3 prostate cancer cell proliferation was investigated. Our results found that SPH potentiates the anti-proliferative effect of bicalutamide in a dose-dependent manner for both cell lines. In the presence of 160 µg/mL SPH, co-treatment with 1.0 µM bicalutamide decreased LNCaP cells’ relative colony survival from 25% (1.0 µM bicalutamide monotreatment) to 2% after culturing for 12 days. For PC3 cells, the relative colony survival diminished from 52% (10.0 µM bicalutamide) to 32% at an SPH concentration of 160 µg/mL. Gene expression profiling, employing quantitative real-time PCR, revealed that the inhibitory effects were related to significant FTH1 up-regulation with a concomitant TFRC down-regulation. In conclusion, our results provide in vitro evidence that SPH potentiates the growth inhibitory effect of bicalutamide on prostate cancer cells by modulating iron homeostasis mechanisms.

Bjerknes and Bomi Framroze. Preliminary Insights into the Inflammation-Resolving Effect of OmeGo, An Enzymatically Liberated Fish Oil, Compared to Diclofenac in A Rat Paw Edema Injection Model. Biomed J Sci & Tech Res 47(1)-2022. BJSTR. MS.ID.007452.Whilst inflammation is a natural response to injury and wear and tear on the body the associated pain and swelling are clearly problematic for the sufferer. Marin polyunsaturated fatty acids, including omega-3, are known to have inflammation-resolving effects and our previous work has shown the minimally processed whole fish oil, OmeGo, to significantly reduce type 2, allergic inflammation. As a next step, this preliminary study used a standard carrageenan-induced rat paw swelling model of (type 1) acute inflammation to assess whether OmeGo could alleviate the paw swelling. Over the 24-hour period of the study, OmeGo showed a similar impact on paw swelling as active control, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac. Diclofenac also markedly reduced the inflammatory cytokines IL-1 and IL-6 whereas OmeGo did not. This suggests that OmeGo's effects occur through different pathways compared to NSIAD therapy. Further work is planned to further characterise OmeGo's modulation of inflammatory pathways and its potential as a pragmatic approach to help resolve acute inflammation.the resulting inflammation compared to diclofenac.