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Abstract:The in vitro antimicrobial activities of 30 Chinese medicinal plants were evaluated with reference to the treatment record of infectious diseases in the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) literature. The plant materials were extracted with 80% ethanol and the extracts were primarily screened against conventional clinical pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans by the agar diffusion method. Their inhibition zone diameters (IZDs, mm, 50 mg/mL) ranged from <8 to 24. The 21 extracts which showed IZDs ≥10 mm against MSSA were also active against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) with lower IZDs of 9.0-18.8 mm. They were further subjected to minimal inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration (MIC/MBC, μG/mL) assays, which were 8-2,048/32->2,048 by the standard broth microdilution method. The seven extracts from M. yunnanensis, S. sinensis, G. morella, E. daneillii, M. squamulata, S. arborescens and B. hancei were determined as the most active extracts, with MICs of 8-64 μg/mL. The results were in good agreement with their traditional applications in skin and other infections.

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In vitro activities of 80% ethanol extracts from 26 plants native to SouthEastern Yunnan, China, were evaluated against clinical multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens. The extracts were initially screened by the agar hole diffusion test. Then the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) or minimum fungicidal concentration (MFCs) were determined through serial dilution with a standard broth micro-dilution method. Of the 26 extracts, 9 showed different potencies against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The most active plants against both S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) were Rhodoleia parvipetala Tong, Diplopanax stachyanthus Hand.-Mazz and Sarcosperma kachinense Exell var. simondii Lam.et Royen, and their MIC/MBCs were 512, 512, 256-512 mg/L, respectively. Sladenia celastrifolia Kurz extract showed strong activity against P. aeruginosa and C. albicans, and their MICs were 512-2048 and 2048 mg/L, together with no activities of MBC or MFC up to the concentrations of 2048 mg/L. All these plants showed weak inhibition against E. coli.