This study aims to formulate a learning communication model that is able to replace or modify the type of learning communication from the face-to-face system to blended learning during the Covid-19 pandemic and in the new normal period. This study focuses on learning communication in tertiary institutions on the grounds that students are expected to be independent in learning so that they no longer expect parental guidance in taking online classes, as happened at the primary and secondary education levels. With the consideration of the two things above, namely changes in learning communication with e-learning and the level of student independence, it is necessary to have a learning communication strategy in higher education to welcome the formation of a digital society. In this study, the tertiary institutions that were the object of research were three state universities in the North Aceh region and Lhokseumawe city, namely Malikussaleh University, Lhokseumawe State Polytechnic, and UIN Malikussaleh. The choice of the three universities refers to an effort to avoid long trips during the pandemic, because in addition to interviews using interactive virtual media remotely, in obtaining some information, direct observation must be used. The research was conducted using mixed approach -quantitative and qualitative-by involving respondents and informants from three main elements of the object of education, namely lecturers, students, and the community. In addition to interviews, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was also conducted using the zoom application, by presenting an expert resource person who is active in Online learning training, namely Prof. Ujang Sumarna from the Bogor Agricultural Institute. The outcome in this study is the existence of a learning communication strategy in tertiary institutions in a region with regional criteria that are relatively far from the nation's capital with relatively lacking information and communication technology facilities. The outcomes are a model of blended learning as an alternative and a model of e-learning Maturity Model (eMM) as a strategy to prepare all elements of colleges to face the changes in education in this disruptive era.

Abstract. Batik industry is one of the leading industries in Indonesia. Since UNESCO declared batik as one of the cultural treasures and identity of the Indonesian nation, batik production has increased in line with increasing market demand. One of the rapidly growing batik industries in Indonesia is the batik industry located in Lawean Village, Solo, Central Java. The industry uses a putting out system where batik workers do their work in their respective house production. Through this system, business owners no longer need to compile an environmental impact analysis, provide social security for workers, pay overtime, work space, and work equipment. However, this putting out system creates many problems, from environmental pollution, deprivation of social rights for workers, to exploitation of workers by business owners. This study aims to reveal forms of injustice to workers in the home batik industry, Lawean, Solo, Central Java through a constructivism (critical) approach. Primary data obtained through in-depth interviews on 14 research subjects and also supported by secondary data from previous studies. Determination of informants is done by using the snowball technique. The theory used in this study is the theory of power relations by Michael Foucault. The dominance of power that leads to injustice (exploitation), cannot be separated from the presence of persuasive power (the owner of the batik business who controls the workers) in the midst of the Lawean Batik Industry. This dominance of power occurs because of the inequality of intelligence and mastery of information technology between batik business owners and workers. Batik business owners have access/network to sell batik products both domestically and abroad, while workers do not have access/network to sell batik they produce directly. On the other hand, the "ewuh-pakewuh" culture that is embraced by the Lewean community further exacerbates this domination.Keywords: batik, home industry, exploitation, power relationAbstrak. Industri batik menjadi salah satu industri unggulan dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Sejak diakuinya batik sebagai salah satu kekayaan budaya dan identitas Bangsa Indonesia oleh UNESCO, produksi batik terus mengalami peningkatan seiring dengan semakin meningkatnya permintaan batik. Salah satu industri batik yang berkembang pesat di Indonesia adalah industri batik yang berada di Desa Lawean, Solo, Jawa Tengah. Industri batik di lokasi tersebut, secara umum menggunakan sistem putting out di mana para pekerja batik mengerjakan pekerjaannya di rumah masing-masing. Dengan penerapan sistem ini, para pengusaha batik tidak perlu lagi menyiapkan amdal, jaminan sosial bagi para pekerja, uang lembur, ruang untuk bekerja, serta peralatan untuk bekerja. Penerapan sistem putting out ini, ternyata menimbulkan banyak sekali masalah, mulai dari pencemaran lingkungan, terampasnya hak-hak sosial bagi para pekerja sampai pada eksploitasi para pekerja oleh pengusaha batik.Studi ini merupakan studi konstruktivisme (kritis) untuk mengungkap bentuk-bentuk ketidakadilan yang dialami oleh para pekerja di industri batik rumahan, Lawean, Solo, Jawa Tengah. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer yang diperoleh melalui hasil wawancara mendalam (indepth interview) terhadap 14 orang subyek penelitian dan didukung pula oleh data skunder dari penelitian terdahulu. Teknik penentuan informan menggunakan teknik snowball. Adapun teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori relasi kekuasaan dari Michael Foucault. Terjadinya prakter dominasi kekuasaan yang berujung pada terjadinya ketidakadilan (eksploitasi), tidak terlepas dari hadirnya kekuasaan yang bersifat persuatif (juragan batik menguasai pembatik) di tengah-tengah Industri Batik Lawean. Praktek dominasi kekuasaan ini terjadi karena adanya ketimpangan intelegensi (kecerdasan) dan ketimpangan penguasaan teknologi informasi antara juragan batik dengan pembatik. Juragan batik memiliki akses/jaringan untuk menjual produk batik ke konsumen dalam negeri maupun luar negeri, sedangkan para pekerja pembatik merasa tidak mampu menjual barang hasil produksi ke pasar. Budaya sungkan/ewuh-pakewuh yang dianut oleh masyarakat Lewean semakin memperparah praktek dominasi kekuasaan ini.Kata Kunci: Batik, Industri Rumahan, Eksploitasi, Relasi Kuasa

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The construction of the New Yogyakarta International Airport (NYIA) by the Government of Indonesia and PT Angkasa Pura I, which began in 2011, has resulted in a number of vertical conflicts between the government-entrepreneurs and local residents, particularly in Jangkaran Village, Sindutan Village, Palihan Village, Kebonrejo Village, Temon Kulon, and Glagah Village. However, even though conflicts arose and there was opposition from many parties including from an environmental impact analysis, the construction of the NYIA Airport was continued and completed in 2019. This study aims to reveal the social and economic impacts felt by local residents in Jangkaran Village, Sindutan Village, Palihan Village, Kebonrejo Village, Temon Kulon Village, and Glagah Village after the construction of the NYIA Airport. Do local residents get economic and social security for the construction of NYIA Airport? Data were obtained using a qualitative research approach through data collection techniques of observation, FGD, and in-depth interviews with villagers at the research locations and other stakeholders. The results showed that some people were able to adapt to changes in socio-economic conditions after the construction of the NYIA. They are able to find a new job that is better than before so that they are socio-economically more prosperous. However, some people are still not able to adapt so they are still in a cycle of poverty that shackles them.Pembangunan Bandara New Yogyakarta International Airport (NYIA) oleh Pemerintah Indonesia dan PT angkasa Pura I yang dimulai tahun 2011, telah mengakibatkan sejumlah konflik vertikal antara pemerintah-pengusaha dan warga lokal, khususnya di Desa Jangkaran, Desa Sindutan, Desa Palihan, Desa Kebonrejo, Desa Temon Kulon, dan Desa Glagah. Namun demikian, meskipun konflik muncul dan terdapat penentangan dari banyak pihak termasuk dari analisis dampak lingkungan, pembangunan Bandara NYIA ini tetap dibangun dan selesai pada tahun 2019, bahkan saat ini telah beroperasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap dampak sosial dan ekonomi yang dirasakan oleh warga lokal di Desa Jangkaran, Desa Sindutan, Desa Palihan, Desa Kebonrejo, Desa Temon Kulon, dan Desa Glagah pasca pembangunan Bandara NYIA. Apakah warga lokal mendapatkan jaminan ekonomi dan sosial atas pembangunan Bandara NYIA? Data didapat dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif melalui teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, FGD, dan wawancara mendalam dengan warga desa di lokasi penelitian serta stakeholders lain yang terlibat. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga dukungan data sekunder dari penelusuran di internet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian masyarakat mampu beradaptasi dengan perubahan kondisi sosial ekonomi pasca pembangunan NYIA. Mereka bisa mendapatkan pekerjaan baru yang lebih baik dari sebelumnya sehingga secara sosial-ekonomi meraka lebih sejahtera. Namun demikian sebagian masyarakat masih belum mampu beradaptasi sehingga masih dalam lingkaran kemiskinan yang membelenggu mereka.

This research was conducted at Meunasah Alue village, Muara Dua district of Lhokseumawe city. This research study about the mothers working strategy in preparing breakfast for their children who go to school. The purpose of this research is to know how is the strategy used by the mother working to prepare the breakfast for their children who go to school. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative through the structural functional theory proposed by Talcot Parsons. The result of this research explained that: (1) Breakfast is very important before doing activity in the morning, because thr body need energy for do the acrivity. (2) Breakfast has become a habit must to do because realize about the important of breakfast in the morning. (3) The breakfast menu was made is based on children favorite food and easy to make it also required the nutrition in it. (4) In the preparing breakfast need helpness by family as a husband or parent. (5) They can get breakfast by buying food on weekend. (6) It is any different time for breakfast, there is anyone start to preparing brealfast at 05.00 am because of their office is far, and somebody strat to preparing breakfast after they do shubuh prayer. The conclution is many ways can do the working mothers to prepare breakfast in the morning because they realize that breakfast in very important to doPenelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Meunasah Alue, Kecamatan Muara Dua, Kota Lhokseumawe. Pada penelitian ini mengkaji tentang Strategi Ibu yang Bekerja Dalam Menyiapkan Sarapan Pagi Bagi Anak Yang Bersekolah. Tujuan dari Penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan informasi maupun untuk mengetahui tentang bagaimana strategi yang dilakukan oleh pihak ibu yang bekerja dalam menyiapkan sarapan pagi untuk anaknya yang bersekolah. Metode dalam melakukan penelitian ini ialah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori Fungsional Struktural yang dicetuskan oleh Talcot Parsons. Hasil dari penelitian yang telah penulis lakukan menunjukkan bahwa (1) pandangan tentang sarapan pagi ini sangat penting karena untuk melakukan aktivitas dipagi hari memang dibutuhkan asupan untuk bisa beraktivitas dengan lancar, (2) sarapan pagi sudah menjadi suatu kebiasaan yang harus dilakukan karena sadar akan pentingnya sarapan di waktu pagi hari. (3) jenis menu sarapan yang dibuat adalah dari segi kesukaan anak-anak dan gampang untuk membuatnya dan tentunya ada unsur gizi yang terkandung didalamnya. (4) dalam menyiapkan sarapan pagi tentunya dibantu oleh pihak keluarga seperti suami ataupun orangtua. (5) pada waktu akhir pekan atau hari libur kerja mereka membeli sarapan pagi diluar rumahnya. (6) waktu melakukan aktivitas sarapan pagi dilakukan secara berbeda-beda yaitu ada yang melakukan aktivitas memasak sarapan pagi dari jam 05.00 dikarenakan tempat kerjanya yang jauh, dan ada juga yang memulai aktivitas memasak sarapan pagi setelah sholat shubuh. Kesimpulannya yaitu banyak cara yang dapat dilakukan oleh seorang ibu yang bekerja untuk bisa menyiapkan sarapan di waktu pagi hari, karena mereka menganggap sarapan pagi ini sangat penting untuk dipenuhi.