Acute normovolaemlc haemodilution does not reduce the inflammatory process induced by facial surgery The place of preoperative acute normovolaemic haemodilution (haematocrit = 28%-32%) in reducing postoperative inflammation was evaluated after facial surgery. Thirty-two patients scheduled for mandibular osteotomy were randomized to a nonhaemodiluted group or to a haemodiluted group. The degree of postoperative inflammation was evaluated:-first by an xray technique (radiotelemetry) providing measurements of the tissue thickness (quantitation of facial oedema), and second by the measurement of four acute phase protein plasma concentrations during the.first postoperative week. Throughout the study, no changes in facial oedema or in variation of acute phase proteins were detected after haemodilution. It is concluded that acute normovolaemic haemodilution has no effect on the intensity of facial oedema and the biological inflammation process after facial surgery. Le but de cette dtude prospective est d~valuer l'effet de lh~modilution pr~op~ratoire (h~matocrite = 28% gt 32%) sur la r~action inflammatoire aprbs chirurgie faciale. Trente-deux patients devant b~n~ficier d'une ost~otomie mandibulaire ont ~t~ ~tudi~s. Aprbs randomisation, 16 ont ~t~ h~modilu~s et 16 autres non-h~modilu~s. L'ampleur de la rdaction inflammatoire postop~ratoire a ~t~ ~valu~e gJ l'aide de deux techniques. D'une part, par tdldradiomdtrie, technique radiographique qui permet la mesure de l~paisseur des tissus mous et donc l~valuation de la r~action oed~mateuse postop~ratoire. D'autre part, par le dosage plasmatique r~p~t~ de diff~rentes prot~ines de Finflammation durant la premiere semaine postop~ratoire. Les
Objectif : Présenter un cas de syndrome sérotoninergique (SS) retardé, un effet secondaire méconnu de certains antidépresseurs, pouvant survenir lors d'intoxication volontaire, en association avec la prise d'autres médica-ments.Éléments cliniques : Une patiente agée de 21 ans hospitalisée après une intoxication volontaire associant fluoxétine et benzodiazépines présentait un SS huit heures après son admission, les taux sanguins de fluoxétine étant alors à des valeurs thérapeutiques. La découverte d'une prise antérieure d'un inhibiteur de la monoamine oxydase (moclobémide) permettait d'expliquer la survenue de ce syndrome. Chez cette patiente, la sévérité du coma hypertonique a requis la ventilation mécanique en association avec une sédation combinant thiopental et fentanyl, et une myorelaxation avec le pancuronium.Conclusion : La prise en charge de l'intoxication à la fluoxétine requiert une grande prudence, le risque majeur étant l'apparition d'un SS. Les formes graves de ce syndrome engagent le pronostic. Le traitement est symptomatique et peut nécessiter des mesures de réanimation. Les données de la littérature ne permettent pas de formuler des recommandations anesthésiques précises dans ces cas.Purpose: To present a case of delayed serotonin syndome (SS), a less well-known adverse effect of fluoxetine intoxication.Clinical presentation: A 21-yr-old woman was admitted following voluntary intoxication with fluoxetine and benzodiazepines. At the time of admission, she was slightly drowsy and hypotonic but, eight hours later, she developed severe hypertonic coma despite blood concentrations of fluoxetine within the therapeutic range. Repeated toxicological analyses revealed the presence of moclobemide at non-measurable concentrations, suggesting earlier ingestion of this monoamine oxydase inhibitor. Having excluded all other likely causes of the neurological syndrome observed, a SS was postulated. Treatment was symptomatic with mechanical ventilation, sedation with thiopental and fentanyl, and neuromuscular block with pancuronium bromide. The patient recovered spontaneously 20 hr later.
Conclusion:Physicians managing patients presenting with fluoxetine intoxication must be aware of the potential risk of SS. Treatment is symptomatic, but SS may be severe and require vital support in the intensive care environment. Review of published reports does not allow the authors to recommend a specific anesthetic management.
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