A simple, sensitive and specific reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method with fluorescence detection was developed for quantitation of quinidine from HBSS buffer. The method was applicable in the bi-directional transport assay for evaluation of the inhibitory effect of test compounds on P-glycoprotein-mediated quinidine transport; quinidine was used as a probe P-glycoprotein substrate. The calibration curve was linear (correlation coefficient >/=99) in the range 0.30-100.00 nm. The method was validated and is specific and sensitive with limit of quantitation of 300 pm for quinidine. The method was found to be accurate and precise in the working calibration range. Stability studies were carried out at different storage conditions where the analyte was found to be stable. The applicability and reliability of the analytical method was evaluated by successful demonstration of efflux ratio (P(app)B --> A/P(app)A --> B) in the Caco-2 cell monolayer efflux assay. The efflux ratio for quinidine (100 nm) alone was 10.8, which reduced to less than 2 in the presence of the classical P-gp inhibitors verapamil and ketoconazole (100 mum each).

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The present study was carried out for screening of preliminary phyto-chemical constituents and anti-microbial activity of ethanolic extract of ASCLEPIAS CURASSAVICA. The dried extract obtained by soxhlet extraction was subjected to qualitative phyto-chemical screening for the identification. The anti-microbial activity of A.curassavica flower & plant extract by agar well diffusion method. Our study reveals that B.subtilis & E.coli showed good inhibitory zone in ethanol solvent extract

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Drug utilization reviews DUR also referred to be as drug utilization evaluation DUE .It is defined as authorized, structured. Ongoing review of healthcare provider prescribing pharmacist dispensing and patient use of medication. Drug utilization reviews involve a detailed review of patient's prescription and medication data before, during dispensing and after dispensing to ensure appropriate medication decisions making and positive patient outcomes. World health organization (WHO) defines drug utilization review as authorized research as the marketing, distribution, prescription and use of drug in a society, with a special emphasis on the resulting medical, social, and economic sequences. Inherent in the definition, such studies provide logical background for determining the rationality of drug use as well as providing the evidence based guidance for making the policies and making decisions at various levels of health care. This review studies are Aimed to discuss in detail on drug utilization pattern in outpatient general department.