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The low food efficiency ratio of purified CP and L proteins related to CAS is associated with decreased plasma VLDL and adipose tissue LPL activity. The low liver TG concomitant with reduced TG and apolipoproteins contents of VLDL confirm that hypotriglyceridemia is essentially due to impaired synthesis, exportation and transport of TG by VLDL which prevent lipid storage in adipose tissue.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the antihyperglycemic and antioxidant effects of Globularia alypum (Ga) methanolic extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (50 mg/kg, i.p.). Twenty diabetic rats were divided into two groups; one group was fed a casein diet supplemented with Ga extract (1 g/kg body weight), for 4 weeks, and the other group went untreated. In Ga-treated compared to untreated rats, glycemia and HbA1c values were respectively 5.2- and 3.6-fold lower. Plasma total cholesterol, triacyglycerols levels and transaminases activities were decreased significantly (P<0.05). TBARS concentrations were diminished by -39% in plasma, -42% in liver, -51% in heart, -32% in brain and -36% in kidney. Increased GSH concentrations were noted in liver (+40%), brain (+25%) and kidney (+36%). In addition, a higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was noted in liver (+27%), muscle (+22%) and kidney (+24%), while glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was increased by +25% in liver, +29% in heart and +20% in kidney. Liver and kidney glutathione reductase (GSSG-Red) and catalase (CAT) activities were increased significantly (p<0.05). Globularia alypum extract reduces remarkably glycemia, plasma lipids and has beneficial effects on the redox status. This extract gives a promising perspective for the treatment of diabetes.

In STZ-induced diabetic rats, A. iva improves reverse cholesterol transport by enhancing LCAT activity, leading to anti-atherogenic effects.

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