El presente artículo se propone esbozar a grandes rasgos los cuatro enfoques metodológicos con que puede enseñarse la expresión escrita. Para hacerlo nos basamos en los cuatro enfoques que establece Shih (1986) para le enseñanza del inglés como segunda lengua. Nuestro trabajo desarrolla notablemente esta distinción, trazando las líneas teóricas de cada planteamiento y presentando la práctica concreta de cada uno. De esta forma, la descripción de los enfoques es válida para la enseñanza de la expresión escrita en general, sin distinción de si se trata de una lengua uno o dos.Los cuatro enfoques didácticos que se exponen son:i) enfoque basado en la GRAMATICA enfoque basado en las FUNCIONES iii) enfoque basado en el PROCESO iv) enfoque basado en el CONTENIDO Para cada enfoque se tratan los siguientes puntos: 1) Origen e influencias. ¿Cómo nace cada enfoque? ¿En qué contexto se desarrolla? ¿Qué relaciones tiene con otras disciplinas como la lingüís-tica, la psicología o la pedagogía?

We explore the concepts of literacy and critique, or the reading and writing of ideologies, understanding "ideology" as the author's point of view in his text on any question (political, social, sports, etc.). We analyse the field of semantics of both of the concepts, their philosophical, pedagogical and linguistic roots, and the words used in several languages to refer to them. We formulate finally the theoretical distinction between a critical reader and an uncritical one, based on the contributions of the Critical Discourse Analysis, and we exemplify it with the case of a political five-word board.

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Titles play an important role in genre analysis. Cross-genre studies show that research paper and thesis titles have distinctive features. However, thesis and dissertation titles in the field of dentistry have thus far received little attention. Objective: To analyze the syntactic structures and their functions in English-language thesis and dissertation titles in dentistry. Methodology: We randomly chose 413 titles of English-language dentistry theses or dissertations presented at universities in 12 countries between January 2000 and June 2019. The resulting corpus of 5,540 running words was then analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively, the two complementary focuses being grammatical structures and their functions. Results: The average title length was 13.4 words. Over half of the titles did not include any punctuation marks. For compound titles, we found that colons, dashes, commas, and question marks were used to separate the different components, colons being the most frequent. Four syntactic structures (nominal phrase, gerund phrase, full-sentence, and prepositional phrase) were identified for single-unit titles. Single-unit nominal phrase titles constituted the most frequent structure in the corpus, followed by compound titles. Four particular rhetorical combinations of compound title components were found to be present throughout the corpus. Conclusions: Titles of dentistry theses and dissertation in English echo the content of the text body and make an important contribution to fulfilling the text’s communicative purposes. Thus, teaching research students about the linguistic features of thesis titles would be beneficial to help them write effective titles and also facilitate assessment by teachers.

Although coherence has been widely studied in computer-mediated communication (CMC), insufficient attention has been paid to emergent multimodal forms. This study analyzes a popular commentary system on Chinese and Japanese video-sharing sites – known as danmu or danmaku – where anonymous comments are superimposed on and scroll across the video frame. Through content and multimodal discourse analysis, we unpack danmu-mediated communication analyzing the newest interface (on Bilibili.com), the comments, the interpersonal interactions and the unusual use of the second-person pronoun. Results show that despite the technological constraints (hidden authorship, unmarked sending date and lack of options to structure comments), users construct order in interactions through repetition, danmu-specific expressions and multimodal references, while using playful language to make fun. This study provides an up-to-date analysis on an increasingly popular CMC medium beyond well-studied social networking sites, and broadens the understanding of coherence in contemporary CMC.