An adequate concentration of growth regulators as well as the replacement of agar by an alternative medium may be promising from practical and financial points of view to produce orchid plants by micropropagation. The objective of this work was to evaluate different concentrations of growth regulator and alternative substrates for agar replacement in culture medium for in vitro multiplication and rooting of Oncidium baueri. In the explant multiplication phase, two experimental factors were evaluated-various concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg L -1 ) and substrates (agar, vermiculite, and coconut fiber) added to MS medium. In the rooting phase, different concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg L -1 ) were added to culture medium containing the same substrate. Six months after the experiments were initiated, the survival percentage, number of leaves, shoots, and roots and length of the aerial part and the major root were evaluated. The results suggested that addition of 1.0 mg L -1 BAP is necessary for the O. baueri in vitro multiplication phase, but IBA is not necessary in the rooting phase. For the substrate, vermiculite is not indicated as an agar replacement. In contrast, coconut fiber can be used in both multiplication and rooting phases of Oncidium baueri in vitro culture. Key words: Orchid. Coconut fiber. Culture medium. Vermiculite. ResumoNa micropropagação de orquídeas, a concentração adequada de reguladores de crescimento, bem como a substituição do ágar por substratos alternativos no meio de cultura podem ser promissoras do ponto de vista da praticidade e da economia financeira para a obtenção de mudas. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar diferentes concentrações de reguladores de crescimento e substratos alternativos em substituição ao ágar no meio de cultura para a multiplicação e o enraizamento in vitro de Oncidium baueri. Na fase de multiplicação dos explantes, foram avaliados dois fatores: concentração de benzilaminopurina (BAP) (0,0; 1,0; 2,0 e 3,0 mg L -1 ) e substrato (ágar, vermiculita e fibra de coco) no meio de cultura MS e, no período de enraizamento, foram testadas concentrações de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) (0,0; 0,5; 1,0
Storage is a fundamental practice in the control of the physiological quality of seeds, as it is a method that can preserve their viability and vigor for a longer period. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the storage of chickpea seeds in different packagings, environments, and periods. The completely randomized design was used in a 2 × 2 × 4 factorial scheme, corresponding to two types of packaging (hermetic and Kraft® paper), two storage environments (cold chamber environment and conventional environment), and four storage periods (0, 45, 90, and 135 days), with four replicates. The seeds were placed in Kraft® paper bags and hermetic packagings and stored for 135 days in the environments: cold chamber (14.5 °C and relative air humidity of 65%) and conventional environment (no temperature and relative air humidity control). Every 45 days, seeds were subjected to the following evaluations: determination of water content, germination, first germination count and accelerated aging. In general, the maintenance of the physiological quality of chickpea seeds was verified in Kraft® paper packagings and the cold chamber environment. Storage of chickpea seeds in hermetic packaging must be carried out with seeds with 7% moisture, regardless of the storage environment. The packagings maintained the physiological quality of chickpea seeds for up to 45 days, regardless of the storage environment.
RESUMO Considerando que algumas espécies de orquídeas estão ameaçadas de extinção, a micropropagação é uma alternativa para a produção de um grande número de mudas
RESUMOO tratamento de sementes é amplamente utilizado para proteger as sementes das culturas frente a ação de insetos e patógenos,entretanto, alguns pesticidas podem causar fitotoxicidade àsplântulas durante o teste de germinação. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar diferentes substratos e metodologias alternativas para o teste de germinação em sementes tratadas de soja. As sementes foram submetidas a três tratamentos químicos (Cruiser ® 350 FS; Maxim XL e Avicta Completo), conforme as doses recomendadas para a cultura. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições e esquema fatorial, conforme segue: 4 (substrato) x 2 (número de sementes). Dessa forma, os tratamentos consistiram na combinação de quatro substratos (germitest; germitest + areia; germitest + vermiculita e papel germitest com sementes pré-hidratadas), duas quantidades de sementes em cadarolo (25 ou 50) e duas temperaturas (25 ou 30ºC). O substrato mais apropriado para a realização do teste de germinação em soja varia de acordo com o produto e ingrediente ativo utilizados. Sementes pré-hidratadas apresentam maior germinação quando comparadas ao teste padrão. O número de 25 sementes por repetição é a indicada para o teste de germinação de sementes tratadas de soja. A temperatura de 25ºC proporcionou o desenvolvimento mais uniforme e rápido de plântulas normais.
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