Objectives: There are presently no data available concerning Internet addiction (IA) problems among adolescents in Canada and the province of Quebec. The goal of this study is thus to document and compare the influence of gender on Internet use and addiction.Method: The study data were collected from a larger research project on gambling among adolescents. Activities conducted online (applications used and time spent) as well as answers to the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) were collected from 3938 adolescents from grades 9 to 11. The two most often employed cut-off points for the IAT in the literature were documented: (40-69 and 70þ) and (50þ).Results: Boys spent significantly more time on the Internet than did girls. A greater proportion of the girls made intense use of social networks, whereas a greater proportion of the boys made intense use of massively multiplayer online role-playing games, online games, and adult sites. The proportion of adolescents with a potential IA problem varied according to the cut-off employed. When the cut-off was set at 70þ, 1.3% of the adolescents were considered to have an IA, while 41.7% were seen to be at risk. At a 50þ cut-off, 18% of the adolescents were considered to have a problem. There was no significant difference between the genders concerning the proportion of adolescents considered to be at risk or presenting IA problems. Finally, analysis of the percentile ranks would seem to show that a cut-off of 50þ better describes the category of young people at risk.

Objectives: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is reportedly efficient in people with HIV (PWH) but vaccine trials included participants with normal CD4 þ Tcell counts. We analyzed seroconversion rates and antibody titers following two-dose vaccination in PWH with impaired CD4 þ T-cell counts. Methods:We collected retrospective postvaccination SARS-COV-2 serology results available in a university hospital for PWH vaccinated between March and September, 2021 who were tested for antispike antibodies from 8 to 150 days following dose 2. Antibody titers were compared in PWH with CD4 þ T-cell count less than 200 cells/ml, 200 < CD4 þ T-cell counts < 500 cells/ml and CD4 þ T-cell count greater than 500 cells/ml at vaccination.Results: One hundred and five PWH were included: n ¼ 54 in the CD4 þ T-cell count less than 500 cells/ml group (n ¼ 18 with CD4 þ <200 cells/ml, n ¼ 36 with 200 < CD4 þ < 500 cells/ml) and 51 in the CD4 þ T-cell count greater than 500 cells/ml group. They received two doses of BNT162b2 (75%), mRNA-1273 (8.5%), or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (16.5%). The median time from vaccine dose 2 to serology was consistent across all groups (73 days, interquartile range [29-97], P ¼ 0.14). Seroconversion rates were 100% in the CD4 þ T-cell count greater than 500 cells/ml group but 89% in participants with CD4 þ T-cell counts less than 500 cells/ml (22 and 5.5% seronegative in the CD4 þ T-cell counts <200 cells/ml and 200 < CD4 þ < 500 cells/ml groups, respectively). Median antibody titers were 623.8 BAU/ml [262.2-2288] in the CD4 þ greater than 500 cells/ml group versus 334.3 BAU/ml [69.9-933.9] in the CD4 þ less than 500 cells/ml group (P ¼ 0.003). They were lowest in the CD4 þ less than 200 cells/ml group: 247.9 BAU/ml [5.88-434.9] (P ¼ 0.0017) with only 44% achieving antibody titers above the putative protection threshold of 260 BAU/ml. Conclusion:PWH with CD4 þ T-cell counts less than 500 cells/ml and notably less than 200 cells/ml had significantly lower seroconversion rates and antispike antibody titers compared with PWH with CD4 þ T-cell counts greater than 500 cells/ml, warranting the consideration of targeted vaccine strategies in this fragile population.

Color stability of fruit juice made from strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa, cv. Elsanta) that were subjected to high hydrostatic pressure was studied by measuring the anthocyanin content. High hysrostatic pressure is a method of preservation of food alternative to heat treatment. It is therefore essential to assess the impact of high pressure on color molecules. Samples were pressurized under 200, 400, 600, and 800 MPa for 15 min at a temperature controlled between 18 and 22 degrees C. After application of pressure, the anthocyanin content of the strawberry juice was analyzed by HPLC-UV using a novel isocratic elution system. The high-pressure treated samples were kept at refrigerator temperature (4 degrees C), room temperature (20 degrees C), and 30 degrees C. Two pigments were identified and quantified: pelargonidin 3-glucoside and pelargonidin 3-rutinoside. The highest stability of the anthocyanins was found when strawberries were stored at a temperature of 4 degrees C. High-pressure treatment at 800 MPa led to the lowest losses, at 4 degrees C.

Internet gambling among adolescents is a growing phenomenon that has received little attention to date. This study examines associations between Internet gambling and the severity of gambling, substance use (SU), and delinquent behavior among 1,870 Quebec students aged 14 to 18. The results show a higher proportion of Internet-gambling (IG) students reporting problematic substance use and delinquency, compared with nongamblers (NG) and non-Internet gamblers (NIG). Furthermore, a higher proportion of at-risk and probable pathological gamblers are found among IG compared with NIG. A moderating effect (Baron & Kenny, 1986) of the gambler categories (NIG, IG) was found in the relationship between the associated problems and the severity of gambling. Among IG, the severity of delinquency and of substance use contributes to explaining gambling severity whereas, among NIG, the severity of delinquency is the only factor that significantly contributes to such an explanation. Discussion of the results is based on Jessor, Donovan, and Costa's (1991) general deviance syndrome theory.

This article examines the relationship between adolescents' perceptions of home and school partnership practices and two student education outcomes: grades in French and time spent on homework. The participants for the study consisted of two groups, 525 general education students and 112 special education students. The questionnaires were based on Epstein's framework of six types of partnership practices. Type 4, involvement in learning activities at home, predicted both outcomes of general education students. For special education, type 4 and type 1 had the largest association with grades and time spent on homework, respectively. The findings lend support to the view that the degree of association between particular partnership practices and student outcomes may vary among general and special education students.