In the highly competitive weather industry, demand for timely, accurate and personalized weather reports is always on the rise. In this paper we present a case study where Arria NLG and the UK national weather agency, the Met Office came together to test the hypothesis that NLG can meet the quality and quantity demands of a real-world use case.

A Pb5Ge3O11 metal–ferroelectric–metal–oxide–silicon memory transistor has been fabricated. The device showed a memory window of about 2 V. The memory window was almost saturated at the operation voltage of 2 V. The “off” state drain current (ID) at VD of 0.1 V and VG of 0.5 V is about 1×10−8 A. The “on” state drain current (ID) at VD of 0.1 V and VG of 0.5 V is about 1×10−6 A, which is 100 times high than that of off state.

A careful test of alkaline addition combined with special handling has been performed during mining of 27 acres of coal overlain by slightly to moderately pyritic overburden at the Kauffman Mine. Overburden holes indicate alkaline deficiencies of up to I 090 tons CaC0 3 /acre. Sulfur contents for 1-to 3-foot intervals average 0.26%S and range up to 4.4%. An adjacent mine produces severe AMD. Lime kiln flue dust, a waste product, was added in amounts adequate to neutralize maximum potential acidity. High-S zones were special-handled into compacted pods up to 2 ft. thick and covered by about 30% of the total lime requirement. About half the lime was spread on the surface prior to blasting and mixed during subsequent handling; the remaining lime was spread on the pit floor and beneath the topsoil.Over the period up to 1.5 years after mining, water in backfill and monitoring wells has pH of 6 to 7, alkalinity exceeding acidity, and generally low Fe, Al and Mn, indicating that that procedure is a success.However, concurrent experiments with 400-ton test cells indicate· that prompt addition of lime, and compaction of the material may be crucial for successful results.Additional key words: Alkaline addition, acid mine drainage, surface coal mining. mtrod uctionLarge tonnages of coal in eastern U.S. and elsewhere have appreciable pyritic sulfur in the overburden and are usually not permitted for surface tnining under current regulations, because of predicted formation of acid mine drainage (AMD). Overburden with a moderate content of natural carbonate tninerals ( calcite and dolomite) generally does not produce AMD despite presence of appreciable pyrite, suggesting that alkaline amendments to pyritic surface mine spoil that lacks natural carbonate tninerals may prevent acid generation. However, past addition of limestone and lime to spoil during tnining has produced mixed results, though most such attempts were not well documented as to the amount and distribution of pyrite, the nature and amount of added alkalinity, and the result of the experiment. The intent of this paper is to describe a carefully planned and conducted experiment on alkaline addition.

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