NB-UVB phototherapy remains to be an effective and safe therapeutic option in vitiligo. Response to UVA1 in vitiligo seems to be dose dependent and seems to be of limited value in treatment of vitiligo as a monotherapy. Further studies combining it with other lines of therapy such as systemic steroids may prove beneficial.

Leptin is a fat derived hormone involved in the regulation of metabolism and body composition. The kidney is the principle organ responsible for elimination of circulating leptin. Our aim is to evaluate if the nephrotic kidneys participate in the metabolism of leptin by comparing the serum leptin level in renal veins and in their renal arteries and to study the relationship between leptin and lipoprotein levels in healthy and nephrotic rats. Methods: Rats were divided into two equal groups: group 1 in which experimental nephrotic syndrome was produced by injecting them intraperitoneally with a supernatant of the homogenized mixture of their own kidney (obtained by previous unilateral nephrectomy) and complete Freund's adjuvant. Another group constituted the control group. Leptin and lipid profile were estimated in blood samples of renal veins and renal arteries. There was a highly significant increase in leptin and lipid profile levels in the nephrotic rats compared with the normal group. There was a high significant decrease in leptin in the renal venous blood compared with its level in the renal arterial blood of normal and nephrotic rats. This work has stressed the involvement of kidney and the nephrotic renal tissue in the process of leptin metabolism and lipogenesis.

Abstract:This work was done to study the effect of (HF)

Systemic inflammation describes certain metabolic alterations which are mediated by inflammatory cytokines. Theses occur essentially as a defensive body response towards offending agents such as surplus nutrient staffs. Our aim is to find out the role of inulin as a protective agent against metabolic inflammation. Twenty eight type 2 diabetic females were subjected to the estimation of their serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein, lipopolysaccharides, tumor necrosis factor alpha, adiponectin and HOMA-IR test before and after three weeks of inulin ingestion. There was a significant drop in the level of serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein, lipopolysaccharides, tumor necrosis factor alpha, HOMA-IR and a non-significant rise in serum adiponectin after inulin ingestion. In summary inulin can act as a useful protective agent in systemic inflammation.

Type 2 diabetic microangiopathy affects every organ in the body and can lead to serious incapacitating complications. VLDL and apo C1 are two of the main biochemical abnormalities which start and propagate this condition. Inulin fructans prebiotic effect on the colonic flora enhance the bifidogenic strains. These predominate over the pathogenic strains which encourage lipidogenesis, thus reducing hyperlipidemia. Our aim is to find out the possible effect of inulin ingestion on the metabolism of VLDL and apo C1 and their role in the pathogenesis of diabetic angiopathy Twenty eight obese type 2 diabetic female patients were subjected to this study. Each patient ingested 4 grams of inulin daily for 3 weeks. Their fasting serum level of VLDL and apo C1 were estimated before and after the period of inulin ingestion. There was a significant decrease in fasting level of serum VLDL and apo C 1 after inulin ingestion period. In conclusion inulin can be given as a protective and as an add on therapy for type 2 diabetic patients. It reduces two of the main culprits which start and propagate the pathologic pathway of diabetic microangiopathy. This cuts short the other offenders (small HDL, small dense LDL and the small VLDL remnants).