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In this work, were obtained nanocomposite membranes polyamide66/Paraíba bentonite clay, treated with a quaternary ammonium salt in order to make it organophilic. The membranes were prepared as thin films using the technique of phase inversion from the nanocomposites obtained by solution. The membranes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). By means of X-ray diffractogram, it was revealed that the membranes remained organically treated clay presented exfoliated and/or partially exfoliated structure. From curves of DSC and TG, it was observed that membrane of PA66 with 3% w/w of with treatment clay showed higher thermal stability compared with the same content of clay without treatment. From the SEM photomicrographs, there was a selective layer (skin filter) on top and one porous layer at the bottom of all membranes studied. Moreover, it was verified that the presence of clay provided a significant structural modification in the membranes of polymer nanocomposites.

The bentonite clay fillers are mostly used for the development of nanocomposites, due to having characteristics which provide to obtain in nanometric particles. The bentonite clay was treated with an ammonium quaternary salt to modify it to organophilic clay. The polymeric membranes and nanocomposites were prepared using the phase inversion technique. The bentonite and organophilic clays were characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The membranes were characterized by XRD. The results of XRF, XRD and FTIR confirmed the presence of quaternary ammonium salt in the organoclay structure. The XRD diffraction patterns of nanocomposites membrane showed exfoliated and/or partially exfoliated structure. According to the obtained results, it could be seen that the treatment performed on the surface of the clay was quite promising and efficient to be added as nanofillers on polymeric membranes.

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