Objective: Burning mouth syndrome is characterized by pain in the oral mucosa with no visible organic pathology. Few treatment options are available; however, none of them are gold-standard. Here we evaluated the effectiveness and safety of clonazepam, pregabalin, and alpha lipoic acid for treating burning mouth syndrome. Materials and Methods: Patients were divided into three groups. Clonazepam (2 mg/day) was administered to the patients in the first group, pregabalin (150 mg/day) to those in the second group, and alpha lipoic acid (600 mg/day) to those in the third group. Each group consisted of 30 patients. The intensity of oral pain in each group was measured before and at the end of the treatment (fourth month) using the visual analog scale. The study was carried on for four months. Results: Significant improvement was observed in the clonazepam and pregabalin groups; no effects were observed in the alpha lipoic acid group. No serious side effects were noted in any of the patients. Conclusion: Systemic clonazepam and pregabalin are viable options for the treatment of burning mouth syndrome.

Numerous studies have investigated a probable association between androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) by researching limited and dispersed parameters. We aimed to evaluate both traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors in male patients with early-onset AGA. This case-control study included 68 participants: 51 male patients with early-onset AGA and 17 healthy male controls. Patients with AGA were classified into three groups according to the Hamilton-Norwood scale and the presence of vertex hair loss. Traditional and non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors were examined in all study subjects. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in 25 patients with AGA and in two control subjects (p < 0.05). The carotid intima-media thickness values were found to be significantly higher in patients with vertex pattern AGA than in patients without vertex baldness and controls (p < 0.05). The pulse-wave velocity values were also found to be significantly higher in patients (p < 0.001). A limitation of this study was the small study population. In conclusion, vertex pattern AGA appears to be a marker for early atherosclerosis. This finding supports the hypothesis that early-onset AGA alone could be an independent risk factor for CVD and metabolic syndrome.

Systemic isotretinoin has a positive effect on male fertility. Since the hormone levels did not change significantly, this positive effect of isotretinoin is not via the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis but can be due to its regenerative and proliferative effects on the testes.

IntroductionThe association between vitiligo and thyroid disease is not fully investigated especially in paediatric patients.AimTo determine the incidence of vitiligo and thyroid disorders in children. This is the first report from middle Anatolia and the second report from Turkey.Material and methodsA retrospective chart review was performed to examine the presence of thyroid abnormalities in paediatric patients who had been admitted to the dermatology department with vitiligo.ResultsA total of 155 paediatric patients, including 80 (52%) male and 75 (48%) female patients were included. The mean age was 8.6 years. Non segmental vitiligo was the most common type of the disease in 140 (90%) reviewed patients, while segmental vitiligo appeared only in 15 (10%) patients. The mean onset of vitiligo was 5.6 ±0.9 years. A family history of vitiligo was found in 14 (9%) children. Thirty-four (22%) patients had thyroid function tests and/or thyroid autoantibody abnormality. All of these patients had non segmental vitiligo. It was statistically significant (p < 0.05) in types of vitiligo and thyroid disease parameters.ConclusionsOur results show that it may be useful to screen thyroid in children with non segmental vitiligo.

a b s t r a c t Background: "Geriatric patients" are a special group among dermatology patients because of the higher incidences of dermatologic and systemic diseases in this group. We aimed to determine the prevalence of dermatologic diseases, their relationship with age/sex, and hospitalization diagnoses with average times of hospitalization in the aged population. Methods: A total 7412 patients aged > 65 years who were admitted to dermatology clinics between April 2009 and April 2014 were included in this analysis. Hospital databases were used for data collection. The data were analyzed according to age, sex, hospitalization rate, and average hospitalization time. Results: Of the total 7412 geriatric patients enrolled in this study, 3640 (49.1%) were male and 3772 (50.9%) female. The two most frequent dermatologic diseases were eczematous dermatitis (32.2%) and skin infections and infestations (18.5%). In females, bullous diseases were more common, whereas in males, skin infections and infestations were more common (p < 0.05). The most frequent disease, in terms of hospitalization, was the eczematous dermatitis. The longest hospitalization times were for skin infections and infestations. There were no differences between the diseases according to age groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Eczematous dermatitis is the most common dermatologic disease in the elderly. Both treatment resistance and difficulty in differential diagnoses make eczematous dermatitis and pruritus the two most frequent reasons for hospitalization. Additionally, dividing patients into subgroups according to age has no relevance to dermatological practice.