Brucellosis is a serious infectious disease that causes significant economic losses in the livestock industry. Its early diagnosis allows an adequate disease control in cattle. DAVIH Laboratories designed a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay using protein A-colloidal gold as a detector reagent (LFIA-PA). The objective of this work was to compare the performance of this assay using protein G-colloidal gold (LFIA-PG) with its performance using protein A-colloidal gold as the detector reagent. The assays were carried out with 20 μL of serum and 130 μL of running buffer. Interpretation of bands was by visual inspection with the naked eye at 15- 20 minutes after sample application. The tests were evaluated with 449 samples of bovine serum (111 positive and 338 negative). The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, the positive and negative predictive values, and the efficacy of both assays were calculated, and their concordance was estimated by calculating the kappa (k) index. The estimated values of the parameters for LFIA-PG and LFPIA-PA were 100% and 95.2% of diagnostic sensitivity, 96.2% and 97.3% of diagnostic specificity, 89.5% and 92.3% for the positive predictive value, 100% and 98.5% for the negative predictive value, and 97.1% and 96.89% of efficacy, respectively. The concordance between both tests was very good (k = 0.95). It was shown the possibilities of developing a system with LFIA-PG capable of detecting antibodies against Brucella spp. The performance of the test makes possible its use as a screening method in the diagnosis of brucellosis.
The prevalence of HTLV-I in the study group was higher than previously found in Cuba. The value of seroepidemiological surveillance through sentinel sites was confirmed.
El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la seroprevalencia de brucelosis bovina e identificar factores de riesgo para brucelosis en la provincia de Pinar del Río, Cuba. Se realizó un estudio transversal basado en los resultados del programa de vigilancia epidemiológica. La distribución geoespacial se analizó mediante el cálculo de la razón de incidencia estandarizada (SIR) a nivel de municipio. Además, se evaluó la asociación entre los resultados del diagnóstico y factores como el sistema productivo, el sexo y los grupos de edad (<12, 12-24, 24-36, >36 meses). Se procesaron 12 760 muestras de sangre y 113 resultaron positivas; así, la seroprevalencia estimada en la provincia fue de 0.89% (IC 95 % 0.74-1.06). La enfermedad estuvo presente en tres de los ocho municipios de la provincia (Los Palacios, Consolación del Sur y Pinar del Río), aunque solo en Los Palacios la prevalencia fue significativamente superior a la esperada: 2.40 (1.30-3.28). Además, la razón de prevalencia en animales menores de 12 meses fue 8.33 (1.41-49.42) veces mayor que en animales entre 12 y 24 meses. En conclusión, el municipio de procedencia y la categoría de edad son factores relevantes que deben ser considerados por las autoridades de salud para diseñar estrategias de control de enfermedades en la provincia.
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