Background Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection with standard triple therapy has been accepted to curb associated risks of chronic gastritis andpeptic ulcer disease. Objective To assess H . pylori eradication rate of standard triple therapy and patient related factors affecting eradication rate. Methods A facility based prospective follow up study was conducted in Bahir Dar City Administration, Ethiopia, on consented outpatients presented with gastritis and peptic ulcer disease and positive for H . pylori stool antigen test from May 2016 to April 2018. Eradication was confirmed with stool antigen test made after 4–6 weeks of standard triple therapy, comprising of proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and amoxicillin. Pre-developed questionnaire and data collection formats were used to collect variables before and after therapy. Bivariate and backward stepwise multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze data. P-value < 0.05 at 95%CI was considered as significant. Results The overall H . pylori eradication rate was 90.3% (379/421). Almost 80% of the patients were urban residents. Mean (±SD) age and body weight of patients were 30.63 (± 10.74) years and 56.79 (± 10.17) kg, respectively. Self-reported adverse drug effects and area of residence of patients were factors affecting eradication rate significantly. Patients with no self-reported adverse drug effect were 3.85 (AOR: 3.85; 95%CI (1.41–5.26)) times more likely to eradicate H . pylori infection compared to those reported adverse effects. Patients living in rural area were 2.7 (AOR: 2.7; 95%CI (1.19–20.0)) times more likely to achieve eradication compared to urban residents. Conclusion H . pylori eradication rate is within the recommended level for clinical practice, indicating that modifications of the standard triple therapy observed in the different healthcare institutions are not evidence-based. Emphasis should be given to adverse drug effects of medications and tailored counseling based on area of residence could have a contribution in improving eradication rate.

BackgroundOne of the most common reasons for poor medication adherence and associated treatment failure of triple therapy is adverse drug effect (ADEs) of medications.ObjectiveAssessment of ADEs and associated factors during H. pylori eradication therapy.MethodConsented H. pylori positive adult outpatients on standard triple therapy (proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin and clarithromycin) were involved in this facility based follow up study from May 2016 to April 2018 at Bahir Dar city in Ethiopia. Pre-developed questionnaire and formats were used to collect sociodemographic, medical information, and patient practice data before, during, and after therapy. Bivariate and backward stepwise multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze data. P-value < 0.05 at 95%CI was considered as significant.ResultA total of 421 patients were involved in the study. Almost 80% of the patients were urban residents. Mean (±SD) age and body weight of patients were 30.63 (± 10.74) years and 56.79 (± 10.17) kg, respectively. ADE was reported from 26.1% of the patients and of all the reported ADEs, more than 85% was manifested with gastrointestinal symptoms which include gastrointestinal discomfort(39.1%), nausea (13.6%), constipation(12.7%), diarrhea(12.9%) and anorexia(10%). Determinants of self-reported ADEs among patients in the present study were body mass index above 25 (AOR: 2.55; 95%CI (1.21–5.38), p = 0.014), duration of acid-pepsin disorder more than 3weeks (AOR: 3.57; 95%CI (1.63–7.81), p = 0.001), pain feeling during long interval between meals (AOR: 2.14; 95%CI (1.19–3.84), p = 0.011), and residence in urban area (AOR: 1.95; 95% CI (1.04–3.67), p = 0.038).ConclusionSignificant proportion of patients reported ADEs which commonly manifested with gastrointestinal symptoms. Consideration of patients’ body mass index, duration of the disorder, period of the day when patients feel pain, and patients’ area of residence could help to reduce ADEs experienced during H. pylori eradication therapy.

BackgroundThe magnitude of mental health conditions in the general population was high in low-resource settings like Ethiopia. This was accompanied by little evidence on knowledge, attitudes, and related determinants in the general population. Therefore, the current survey is planned to assess the knowledge, attitude, and related factors of the community toward mental illness in Mattu, South West Ethiopia.ObjectivesOur study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and related factors of the community toward mental illness in Mattu, South West Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in South West Ethiopia, Mattu town from 1 April−20 June, 2022 using a systematic random sampling, a multistage stratified technique from 649 households, and employed an interviewer-administered pre-tested semi-structured English version questionnaire. Epi-data Version 3.1 and SPSS-V-23.3 were employed for data entry and analysis respectively. A statistically significant association was declared at a P-value ≤ 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval.ResultsIn the current study, poor knowledge regarding, and unfavorable attitudes toward, mental illness among study respondents were 28% (182) 95% CI (24.3, 31.6) and 60.4% (392) 95% CI (56.5, 64.3), respectively. After controlling for potential confounders, being self-employed was independently associated with poor knowledge [AOR = 3.1, 95%CI (1.65, 4.28)]. Moreover, current use of substances [AOR = 1.64 95%CI (1.09, 5.98)] and not hearing information about mental illness from social media have been shown to be associated in the final model with an unfavorable attitude [AOR = 3.44 95%CI (1.98, 5.99)].Conclusion and recommendationAbout one-third and more than one-half of the study participants showed poor knowledge and an unfavorable attitude, respectively. Compared to similar global and local findings, there was better community knowledge and a poor attitude toward mental illness in the area. Unfavorable attitudes toward mental illness were found to be exacerbated by participants not hearing about it on social media and by current substance use. Moreover, being self-employed was independently associated with poor knowledge of mental illness. Hence, all concerned stakeholders need to enhance mental health advocacy to improve public knowledge and attitude toward mental illness through media campaigns with a special focus on common substances. In addition, due attention should be given to self-employed groups of society to reduce the impacts of mental health conditions.

Introduction : Globally, Cervical cancer is the greatest threat to women's health, which is the fifth cause of death accounting for all types of cancer deaths among women. Globally, 528000 new cases each year and the second most common in developing countries around 445,000 new cases develop cervical cancer each year. Cervical screening practice is the recommended for effective methods for prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. To increase the awareness of cervical cancer screening practice health education is pivotal in any prevention program aimed in reducing the overall prevalence of cervical cancer in the community. Objective : To assess cervical cancer screening practice and associated factors among women attending gynecology out -patient department and maternal and child health at mettu karl referral Hospital, South west, Ethiopia, 2018.Methods : Institutional based cross-sectional study was carried among 321 patients. Systematic random sampling was applied to select study subject and descriptive analysis were employed to describe the percentages and number distributions of the respondents for socio-demographic characteristics. The data was collected through interviewing of respondents and the data was entered EPI data version 4.2 and analyzed by using SPSSS version 20.Bivariate analysis was also used to see the association of independent with the dependent variable. Crude and adjusted odds ratios with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals were computed. A P-value less or equal to 0.05 was considered statistically significant in this study. Result: In this study a total of 321 clients were participated in the study. The mean age was 35.79 with SD±11.46. The majority of participants 225(70.1%) were not intended cervical cancer screening while 96 (29.9%) were intended cervical screening respectively. Age ≥50 (AOR=26.603;95%CI=8.167,86.662),age between 40-49 (AOR=4.152,95%CI=1.630,10.576), had smoking (AOR=0.179;95CI=0.087,0.369), women’s who had STD AOR=0.169; 95%CI=0.82, 0.347), multiple sexual partner of the husband(AOR=1.221; 95%CI=0.687, 2.200) and were used contraceptive (AOR=0.172; 95%CI=0.070, 0.422)were found to have strong association with cervical screening behaviors. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: According to this finding, the overall rate of those participants who had good screening for cervical cancer practice were about 29.9%. Maternal age, using smoking, using contraceptives, presence of sexually transited disease, and having multiple sexual partner of the husband are predominantly stated factors associated with cervical screening practice.

Background: Peptic ulcer disease (PUD), which includes gastric and duodenal ulcers, is a common condition with symptoms including epigastric or abdominal pain. It is multifactorial, with physiological, demographic and environmental risk factors, some of which make it more prevalent in developing countries. Aims: This study aims to assess the symptoms of and risk factors for PUD among students at Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia. Methods: This institutional based cross-sectional study design used a self-administered questionnaire to collect data for analysis. This included logistic regression analysis, in which a p-value of <0.05 at 95% CI indicated statistical significance. Findings: Of the 240 respondents, 41.3% had symptoms indicative of PUD. Most students developed symptoms after enrolling at university and primarily managed them with medication. PUD-like symptoms were found to be associated with year of study, frequent Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs use, smoking, prolonged fasting and anxiety. Conclusions: PUD is highly prevalent in this setting. Therefore, the university may wish to raise awareness of PUD and aim to reduce anxiety among students.