Chemical medicine is chemical substances that is used as the main ingredient of chemical drugs. This compound is usually added to herbal medicine preparation to strengthen the indication of the traditional medicine.Chemical medicine was prohibited from being added to traditional medicinal preparations. But in reality, a lot of medicinal herbs could have contained medicinal chemicals on the market sale. This purpose of this research was to know the chemical contamination of the dexamethasone also the concentration contained in the rheumatic pain herbal medicine. This research was used three kind of rheumatic pain herbal medicine sample to identify dexamethasone, the sample code is S1, S2, and S3. The analysis of qualitative method are organoleptic test, FTIR characteristic test, TLC evaluation. The analysis of quantitative were purposed to know the dexamethasone concentration contained on the rheumatic pain herbal medicine using TLC-Densitometric method. The result show that the three sample of rheumathic pain herbal medicine were contaminated by dexamethasone chemical medicine. Based on organoleptic test, the results show color, smell, and taste. Characterization of the dexamethasone using FTIR were to know functional groups of dexamethasone contained in the rheumatic pain herbal medicine sample, the functional groups of the sample S1, S2, and S3 were compared to dexamethasone standard. To identify of TLC method, obtained Rf value of dexamethasone standard and the sample, visualizing a stain color purple-fluorescence on the UV 254 nm. The analysis of quantitative dexamethasone concentration using TLC-Densitometric showed the presence of dexamethasone in the sample for S1, S2 and S3. The concetration of dexamethasone obtained of sample S1, S2, S3 were 1014.64 µg/g ; 131.15 µg/g ; 135.54 µg/g respectively.

Lemongrass (Cymbogoncitratus (DC.) Stapf) leaves contain alkaloids, saponins, tannins, anthraquinones, steroids, phenols and flavonoids. Flavonoids act as antioxidants as they can reduce free radicals. This study aims to determine the total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, and IC50 value of lemongrass leaf extract (Cymbogoncitratus (DC.) Stapf). Extracts were made by maceration using 96% ethanol as solvent. Testing of total flavonoid content with the AlCl3 method using UV-Vis spectrophotometry was carried out three times. The antioxidant activity test used the FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) method on extracts containing 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 ppm. The test results showed that the leaf extract of citronella (Cymbogoncitratus (DC.) Stapf) had a total flavonoid content of 22,60 mg QE/g extract. Furthermore, there was antioxidant activity in the leaf extract of lemongrass (Cymbogoncitratus (DC.) Stapf indicated by the formation of a blue color purplish when reacted with FRAP solution, and IC50 extract value was 71,59 ppm and included in the category of strong antioxidants.

Clean, potable fresh water is becoming scarce in cities, the river which is the source of it is polluted with various wastes ranging from organic waste, household waste, and industrial waste. Drinks water quality could affects public health, especially mineral water. One of the parameters for the quality requirements of mineral water are the evaluate for Escherechia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. The aim of this study was to identify the contamination of Escherechia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria in mineral water samples, using the MPN (Most Probable Number) method. The research method uses descriptive research. The research samples of mineral water were taken in stalls around the Duta Bangsa University Surakarta campus is as much 3 (three) samples. Collecting data by laboratory observation, data analysis with descriptive analysis. The results of the study were carried out from seven samples of mineral water, all samples showed there was no Escherechia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria by the MPN method. The conclusion of this study is that there are no Escherechia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria in mineral water sold in stalls around the campus of Universitas Duta Bangsa Surakarta.

Analgesic drugs are often added illegally in rheumatic pain traditional medicine. Paracetamol is one of chemical drugs that have a large possibillity to be added in rheumatic pain traditional medicine. The aims this research were to know paracetamol and concentration of paracetamol in rheumatic pain traditional medicine in Borobudur District. This research is experimental research, the analysis data were used microsoft excel and linear regression. Qualitative analysis method using organoleptic test to description the sample, TLC test to evaluation Rf value and FTIR test for characterization. Quantitative analysis method using LC-MS test to know the paracetamol concentration contained on the rheumatic pain traditional medicine. Organoleptic test the results show description the shape, color, smell and taste of sample A, B and C. The results of the TLC evaluation showed sample A and B were positive, indicated by a purple spot and the Rf value of the sample was exactly same compared to Rf value of standard paracetamol, while sample C is negative. The result of the FTIR spectra showed that sample A and B have same functional group as the standard paracetamol, while sample C showed none. LC-MS test results after calculating the concentration in samples A and C the concentration was obtained < 4,4 μg/kg below the Detection Limit (LoD): 4,4 μg/kg, while sample B the concentration was obtained 2,22%. Based on the results of all three samples tested, the sample A and sample B were positively contaminated by chemical medicine paracetamol while sample C were negative.

Skin aging is a problem for women caused by external factors, namely exposure to free radicals such as sunlight, antiaging cosmetic products containing antioxidants have been widely circulated to maintain skin health from the effects of free radicals. The content of antioxidant chemical compounds in the purslane plant (Portulaca oleracea L.) is believed to be able to prevent free radicals. Purslane plant extract serum preparations were made by formulating preparations with ingredients such as HPMC, chitosan, tween 80. Furthermore, antioxidant testing of extracts and preparations of serum spray formulas was carried out using the DPPH method, after which evaluation of the preparations included homogeneity, pH, adhesion, viscosity, and hedonic. The preparation of purslane plant extract serum in the spray gel preparation produces a brownish green color, has a slightly sour smell and has a soft texture. The resulting viscosity in the serum ranged from 1330 - 1362 cPs with a pH value in the range of 5.67 - 5.72. From the hedonic test carried out, the results obtained were that the color and aroma were less favored by the panelists while for the convenience of using spray gel the panelists liked the texture of all purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) plant extract formulas. Based on this research, the IC50 value of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) plant extract was 132.87 ppm, while the formula had an IC50 value of 83.91 ppm. Therefore, antiaging serum in spray gel formulation has stronger antioxidant activity than purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) plant extract.