The methanol extract of the dried ripe fruits of Alpinia rafflesiana was investigated for its DPPH free radical scavenger constituents. 2Ј,3Ј,4Ј,6Ј-Tetrahydroxychalcone (7), which has never been isolated from natural sources was found to be most active as a DPPH free radical scavenger with the IC 50 value of 55 µm. Other known compounds isolated from this species include 5,6-dehydrokawain (1), flavokawin B (2), 1,7-diphenyl-5-hydroxy-6-hepten-3-one (3), (Ð)-pinocembrin (4), cardamonin (5) and (Ð)-pinostrobin (6). The DPPH free radical scavenger compounds were detected using TLC autographic analysis. The percentage inhibition of DPPH free radical scavenging activity was measured on isolates (5Ð7) using colorimetric analysis.
Two new prenylated compounds, the benzoquinone atrovirinone (1) and the depsidone atrovirisidone (2), were isolated from the roots of Garcinia atroviridis. Their structures were determined on the basis of the analysis of spectroscopic data. While compound 2 showed some cytotoxicity against HeLa cells, both compounds 1 and 2 were only mildly inhibitory toward Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus.
The current study was designed to evaluate whether compounds isolated from local medicinal plants in Malaysia suppressed nitric oxide (NO) production in inflammation. The murine monocytic macrophage (RAW 264.7) cell line was used as a target cell and activated by interferon-c (IFN-c) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Our current study has identified four phytochemicals, namely atrovirinone, cardamonin, flavokawin B, and zerumbone, that inhibit pathological NO generation. These compounds are candidates for further bioassay studies to determine their suitability as drug leads.
A new prenylated depsidone, atrovirisidone B (2), together with naringenin (3) and 3,8″-binaringenin (4) were isolated from the roots of Garcinia atroviridis. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectral data interpretation. Compound 2 showed cytotoxic activity against human breast (MCF-7), human prostate (DU-145) and human lung (H-460) cancer cells.
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