No abstract

Indonesia still has challenges in meeting the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030, particularly in regard to human settlements. In Indonesian cities there is a type of residential area referred to as kampung kota which is occupied by a large portion of urban dwellers. Despite the efforts to plan the residential area, kampung kota is considered equal to slum and squatter areas. This study seeks to identify the key variables of kampung kota, to later define kampung kota as a type of Indonesian residential area. The analyses are done qualitatively and quantitatively, aiming to generate a more comprehensive definition of kampung kota. It is found that at the kelurahan scale (the lowest level of government administration in Indonesia), economic ability, infrastructure condition, building condition, and social interaction can help to define kampung kota.

Motivation: Progress in Indonesia towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7 involves contestation between the global goals and the country's political ambition. The electrification rates ambition has triggered a policy trilemma. There are targets for meeting national energy demand; there are equally important targets for improving energy access and minimizing negative impacts on the environment. Purpose: This article illustrates idea contestation within Indonesia's rural electricity policy subsystem by: (1) analysing the position of the global sustainability storyline in pre-and post-SDG and Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) periods; and (2) exploring the dynamic of coalition structure within both periods. Methods and approach: The data is derived from statements of political actors in the national news articles and is analysed using Discourse Network Analysis. To investigate the influence of global agendas, we perform a timeframe analysis in pre-and post-SDG and NDC periods. Findings: Our analysis presented empirical evidence of the energy trilemma. The contestation between energy access, energy security, and climate change mitigation is observed in the ideas that emerged within the existing storylines. We find that sustainability has not been a primary topic of debate within the policy subsystem in pre-and post-SDG and NDC periods. The findings also reveal how the global deployment of sustainability has triggered the emergence of discursive intermediaries within the policy subsystem. They are essential to framing global environmental issues to fit into internal debates. Policy implications: First, the narration of implementing renewable energy has to emphasize its benefits over the energy poverty problem while injecting some messages related to environmental profit. Second, the issue of decentralization has always been the most frequent and mutually connected topic, both in terms of source utilization and governance. Therefore, it needs more attention from policy-makers.

It has been a longstanding mission of policymakers, good governance activists and scholars to encourage greater public participation in formulating legal drafts for better city planning. In recent years, emphasis has been placed upon digital engagement as a process which arguably allows more citizens to voice their needs and desires. In Indonesia, an example of such practices can be seen in the e-musrenbang platform, a digital version of a local public participation mechanism in city planning. This study highlights the case of Bandung City of Indonesia by shedding light on the implemented mechanism of e-musrenbang and the stakeholders involved as well as perceptions from its participants. The findings suggest that e-musrenbang has enhanced the transparency and accountability of the overall planning process, however, it has failed to deliver on promises to channel the voices of citizens and solve existing issues of participation.