The aim of this study was to identify the variation of 5'UTR CAPN1 gene and its association to growth traits in Bali cattle. DNA samples were obtained from 80 heads of Bali cattle originated from BPTU-HPT Denpasar. The average of Bali cattle age was 784 days (631 days-1098 days). Bali cattle were divided into 3 age groups namely, the first group (1.5 years to 2 years), the second group (2 years to 2.5 years), and the third group (2.5 years to 3 years). The observed growth traits were birth weight (kg), live weights (kg), average daily gain (kg), body length (cm), chest depth (cm), withers height (cm), hip height (cm), and heart girth (cm). Polymorphism identification of 5'UTR CAPN1 gene was conducted by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) with BglII as the restriction enzyme. Growth traits data association were analyzed using the General Linear Model (GLM) analysis. The 5'UTR CAPN1 gene|BglII was polymorphic in Bali cattle (GG, GT, and TT). Genotype frequencies for Bali cattle were 0.30 (GG), 0.66 (GT), and 0.04 (TT). The allele frequencies of G and T allele were 0.63 and 0.37, respectively. The G allele was the most frequent allele and GT genotype was the most frequent genotype among the cattle. The CAPN1|BglII had a significant effect (p<0.05) on growth traits in Bali cattle. Animal carrier of GG genotype had higher live weight and average daily gain than those with GT genotype, while the lowest values were associated with TT genotype.

Abstract. Jakaria, Ulum MF, Lestari D, Akwila S, Sihite DEWT, Priyanto R, Muladno, Sumantri C. 2020. Investigating new SNPs of CAST, CAPN and SCD genes in 5’UTR of Bali cattle. Biodiversitas 21: 2971-2976. The present investigation aims to explore specific SNPs of Bali cattle, focusing mainly on CAST, CAPN, and SCD genes in 5'UTR. DNA of Bali cattle (25 individuals) from Breeding Centre of Bali cattle in Bali Province, Indonesia, were extracted according to the protocol of GenAID. Amplification of the CAST, CAPN, and SCD genes were designed using the Primer3 program based on reference sequences (access numbers AH014526.2, AH009246.3, and AY241932). Furthermore, the PCR product was sequenced through forward primer sequencing. The data sequence results were analyzed using the Bioedit, MEGA7, Popgen 3.2, and DnaSP6 V6 programs. The results showed that SNPs were detected at g.921C>T and g.922T>G in 5'UTR for the CAST gene between the reference of GenBank AH014526.2 and Bali cattle, but it was monomorphic within the population. The high polymorphism of SNPs was found in g.232G>T for the CAPN gene and g.134A>del for the SCD gene. However, the SNP g.246C>del SCD gene was detected as monomorphic in this region. Moreover, this result shows that low nucleotide diversities (Pi) for CAST, CAPN, and SCD genes in 5'UTR of Bali cattle were 0.00422, 0.00632, and 0.00449, respectively. This finding was important for developing marker-assisted selection (MAS) to improve the meat quality of Bali cattle.