The purpose of the study was to analyze the role of rice’s price in household consumption patterns in Indonesia. The method used was the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS). The data used were obtained from the National Social Economy Survey in 2016. The results show that when the price of rice increases by one percent, the demand for other carbohydrates, eggs-milk-beans, fruits also Cigarette and processed foods will be increase. Meanwhile, in other groups, when the price of rice rises, the demand will go down. Thus, it can be concluded that households still prioritize rice consumption in their daily consumption patterns compared to other commodity groups. Therefore, the government should develop policies that encourage people to consume more diverse food groups.

ABSTRAK Crude Palm Oil (CPO) is one of important commodity for Indonesia. Indonesia is the biggest producers of CPO in the world PENDAHULUANCPO adalah komoditi penting Indonesia. CPO adalah andalan ekspor Indonesia dimana Indonesia adalah produsen terbesar CPO dunia dan pangsa pasar CPO Indonesia adalah nomor 2 terbesar setelah Malaysia yaitu sebesar 32.64 persen. Sebagai salah satu penghasil CPO terbesar di dunia maka Indonesia seharusnya memiliki kemampuan untuk mengontrol pergerakan CPO baik dalam jumlah ataupun harganya. Pada kenyataannya Indonesia belum mampu mengatasi flutuasi harga CPO dari waktu ke waktu. Fluktuasi harga di pasar dunia maupun lokal akan menimbulkan resiko yaitu bila dilaksanakan langsung dengan penyerahan fisik (spot) yakni resiko kerusakan fisik dan

Research aim are focused to Rastra Policy and Non Cash Food Fund for poor household that release by Indonesia's government to solving poverty problems. This research using SUSENAS data in Marc 2016. 300.000 respondent are use and classified in 496 groups base on district and city in Indonesia. Research problem are which one from two of policy have impact to people household's equilibrium by considering of demand elasticity that calculate by using Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System method. Focus of this research are to analyzing price demand elasticity of rice from poor household using Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System method. And second to analize impact of Rastra Policy and Non Cash Food Fund for poor household's equilibrium using graphic method. The result are rice elasticities of poor household in Indonesia is-0.68466 and from the value it indicated as inelastic comodities. Rastra Policy effect is shifting supply curve to the right and form a new equilibrium that have more quantity than before policies and cause decreasing of price. However Non Cash Food Fund for poor household have impact to shifting demand curve and also make the quantity are increase but the increasing of quantity followed by the increasing of price.

Demand for food products is inevitable, this condition is related to food products as a staple food for the sustainability of human life. In Indonesia, the demand for food depends very much on the needs of the people. The purpose of this study is to analyze food demand in Indonesia which is divided into 4 categories of regions: rich cities, poor cities, rich villages, and poor villages need through research that can be obtained about getting assistance in accordance with the consumption demand of people in Indonesia. The research method used secondary data with panel data types obtained from SUSENAS data. The analytical method used to estimate the demand system was through econometrics demand, namely the QUAIDS model and then the data were processed using the SAS program. The results showed a comparison of the total number of households allocated specifically for food if sorted out, namely poor villages were higher then followed by poor cities, rich cities, and rich villages. When there is a change in income, poor rural households and poor cities when the public still responds by allocating a large part of their budgets to very basic trade such as other food and tobacco, rice, other oils, and household fats in rich villages and rich cities provide more responses to allocating their incomes to the trade in meat, fruits, vegetables, fish, eggs, milk, and processed foods.   Keywords: Quadaric Almost Ideal System, income elasticity, consumption, demand food

Mangosteen has the highest contribution to Indonesian fruit export under the national fruit trade balance deficit. As this fruit is mainly cultivated by small-scale farmers in rural areas in an agroforestry pattern, mangosteen is essential for farmers’ income and environmental sustainability. However, there are noticeable gaps between the mangosteen production and export demand which means the potential market for Indonesia is to increase export. On the other hand, some bottlenecks along the supply chain of exporting mangosteen in Indonesia. This study employs the value chain analysis to evaluate the governance of mangosteen export. Results show that the primary issue is the transparency of the standard quality of exported mangosteen along the supply chains. The significant differences between the local and exported market prices are expected to be the disadvantages farmers face. The information on the mangosteen quality between farmers and traders is different, potentially decreasing the prices received by farmers as the standard in the farmers’ levels is higher than in the traders. Government and farmer groups should work with traders to resolve this problem to enhance the fairness of the benefit earned by each actor along the supply chain. Suppose this information is transferred transparently among actors along the supply chain. In that case, it will not only enhance the farmers’ income but also motivate them to increase productivity and quality, eventually enhancing the export of Indonesian mangosteen.