Corruption action develops way more advance compare to corruption studies in Indonesia. Corruption studies are mostly focusing on institutional corruption or using an institutional approach to understand corruption. This research offers to understand corruption better using actor-based and network approaches. Utilising social network analysis (SNA), researchers unpacking corrupt relational actors in natural resources, especially in oil and gas and forestry in Indonesia. We collected six important findings;  corruption creates dependencies amongst actors; to be corrupt, an actor must have a strong network and resources that can offer and deliver multi-interests. Corrupt action is a repeated action that creates interlocking relations amongst actors. Interlocking relation serves as a safety belt for each chauffeur. Institutionalisation of corrupt networks only requires a strong corrupt network. The institutionalised corrupt networks shape a shortcut both for the private and public sectors-a short cut that makes bribery and exchange permits possible.

This article elaborates on two important elements of women's leadership. First, it explores how leadership theory has abandoned its masculine perspective in favour of a "more feminine" one. The COVID-19 pandemic, a crisis that crippled the socio-political structure, has contributed to this shift. Second, the experiences of grassroots leaders who are active in the domestic sphere have begun to be considered, as has their increased activeness in the public sphere during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, studies of women's leadership are highly elitist; such a paradigm is problematic, as it prioritises formal power structures and ignores the grassroots leaders who play a central role in maintaining the social order. This research finds that the pandemic has provided a valuable impetus not only for studies of formal elites but also women at the grassroots. Women have become highly powerful agents in the domestic sphere during the pandemic, and even expanded their agency into the public sphere. Women leaders have facilitated the implementation of government and community crisis response measures at the grassroots level.

Studi ini menempatkan fokus terhadap inovasi pembelajaran daring yang tengah menyebar luas, terutama pada sektor pendidikan. Dengan menggunakan kerangka Multi-Level Perspective (MLP), studi ini membangun argumen bahwa kelompok-kelompok sosial relevan yang berada pada level meso telah merespons berbagai perkembangan landskap jaringan internet dan kebaruan pada level mikro, sehingga berdampak kepada keberhasilan inovasi pembelajaran daring. Lebih jauh, kondisi pandemi Covid-19 sebagai unintended non-human actor telah berkontribusi terhadap dorongan keberhasilan inovasi pembelajaran daring. Studi ini menggunakan metode penelitian historiografi dengan pendekatan konstruktivis untuk menjelaskan bagaimana perubahan landskap dan relasi antar aktor dalam bidang pendidikan sebagai bagian dari adanya inovasi kebijakan. Adapun, data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa artikel jurnal, berita maupun laporan yang berkaitan dengan inovasi pembelajaran daring.