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ResumoIntrodução: Atividades extracurriculares como a pesquisa podem ajudar a melhorar as habilidades dos alunos. Objetivo: Identificar o conhecimento científico e atitudes científicas de estudantes da área de saúde. Casuística e Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com estudantes de cursos da área de saúde da Universidade Federal de Sergipe que utiliza metodologia ativa de ensino. Um questionário validado foi aplicado a 162 estudantes e após, foram estratificados em quatro diferentes grupos (não envolvidos em projetos; envolvidos em extensão;envolvidos em pesquisa e envolvidos em ambos (pesquisa e extensão)).Resultados: A maioria estava envolvida em projetos de pesquisa e extensão (35,8%) e no geral, os alunos apresentaram níveis moderados de conhecimento científico (42,04%) e atitudes científicas (56,56%). Na avaliação do conhecimento científico entre os diferentes grupos, não foi observado diferenças significativas. Contudo, os envolvidos em projetos de pesquisa (62,99; p<0,001) e em pesquisa e extensão (62,04; p<0,05) apresentaram maiores médias comparados com os não envolvidos (51,99%). Ao contrário dos dois primeiros, os estudantes que participaram somente de extensão, apresentaram atitudes científicas similares à dos que não participaram de atividades extracurriculares. Na área da escrita científica, o grupo de alunos envolvidos em pesquisa e extensão apresentou maior percentual de artigos científicos. Conclusão: Identificou-se um nível moderado de conhecimento científico e atitudes científicas entre os alunos. No entanto, os participantes de projetos de pesquisa ou de pesquisa e extensão apresentaram melhores atitudes científicas, comprovando-se a importância dessas atividades durante a graduação.Descritores: Conhecimento; Educação em Saúde; Projetos de Pesquisa; Atitude; Estudantes de Ciências da Saúde. AbstractIntroduction: Extracurricular activities such as research can help improve students' skills. Objective: Identify both the scientific knowledge and scientific attitudes of undergraduate students from healthcare area. Patients and Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study involving healthcare students of the Universidade Federal de Sergipe that uses an active learning approach. A validated questionnaire was administered to 162 students. After filling up the questionnaires, the students were stratified on four different groups (not involved in projects; involved in non-degree projects; involved in research projects, and involved in both non-degree and research projects). Results: In the present study, most students were involved in research and non-degree projects (35.8%). Overall, the students show moderate scores of scientific knowledge (42.04) and scientific attitudes (56.56). There was no significant difference in the assessment of scientific knowledge between different groups. However, the students involved in research projects (62.99; p<0.001), and in research and non-degree projects (62.04; p<0.05) had higher scores compared to those not involved in projects (51.99). Unlike the first t...

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a systemic transmissible disease that remains to be a major global health problem. The inflammatory response during VL is characterized by the release of several cytokines and other pro-inflammatory mediators. Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells (TREM) are a group of evolutionarily conserved membrane-bound surface receptors expressed on neutrophils and monocytes. Engagement of TREM-1 directs intracellular signaling events that drive cytokine production, degranulation, and phagocytosis. In certain inflammatory-associated diseases, TREM-1 can also be found as a soluble form (sTREM-1), which can negatively regulate TREM-1 receptor signaling. In these studies, we now find that high levels of circulating sTREM-1 correlate directly with VL disease severity. In particular, high levels of sTREM-1 were observed in non-survivor VL patients. Furthermore, these levels of sTREM-1 positively correlated with liver size and negatively correlated with leukocyte counts and hemoglobin concentration. Moreover, we found that neutrophils exposure in vitro to Leishmania infantum modulates TREM-1, DAP12, and IL-8 gene expression, while also increasing release of sTREM-1. Finally, results revealed that higher sTREM-1 levels are associated with increasing parasite ratio. Taken together, these studies suggest that L. infantum may modulate TREM-1 in neutrophils and high levels of this molecule is associated with severe VL.

Since March 2020, 11 lineages of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 have been identified in Sergipe state, Northeast Brazil. During the first 6 months of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, there was a higher frequency of B.1 (58.5%) and B.1.1.33 (17.1%) lineages. During the second wave of COVID-19, there was an increased frequency of P.1 (55.6%), the new Brazilian variant of concern.

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