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Aim:This study was to evaluate in vitro anti-fungal activity of aqueous and hydroethanolic from medicinal plants extracts collected in Côte d’Ivoire.Materials and Methods:Plants extracts were prepared by homogenization and separately incorporated to Sabouraud agar using the agar slanted double dilution method. Ketoconazole was used as standards for anti-fungal assay. The anti-fungal tests were performed by sowing 1000 cells of Candida albicans on the previously prepared medium culture. Anti-fungal activity was determined by evaluating anti-fungal parameters values (minimal fungicidal concentrations [MFC] and IC50).Results:The results showed that all extracts possessed anti-fungal activities whose levels vary from plant species to another. Eight of them had a satisfactory anti-candidosic activity and extracts from Terminalia species were the most active. Among them the Terminalia superba extracts generated the strongest activities (MFC = 0.0975 mg/mL). Compared with ketoconazole (MFC = 0.390 mg/mL), the T. superba extracts, aqueous (MFC = 0.195 mg/mL) and hydroethanolic (0.0975 mg/mL) were successively twice and four times more active. The worst anti-fungal activity (MFC = 1600 mg/mL) was obtained with the Guarea cedrata aqueous extract.Conclusion:All medicinal plants extracts produced anti-fungal activities, and T. superba was the most active.

Chrysophyllum perpulchrum (Sapotaceae) is used in the traditional Ivory Coast pharmacopeia to cure fevers. The extract of C. perpulchrum used for this study was the powdered form obtained from the maceration of the dried plant bark in 96% methanol, followed by evaporation to dryness. In the present study, the antioxidative and radical-scavenging activities of the methanolic extract were studied with three standard biological tests: DPPH reduction, ferric thiocyanate (FTC) lipidic peroxidation inhibition and thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS). Gallic acid and quercetin were used as references. The total amount of phenolic compounds in the extract was determined by ultraviolet (UV) spectrometry and calculated as gallic acid equivalents. Catechin and two dimeric procyanidins were found to be the compounds responsible for the activities. They were chemically dereplicated in the extract by LC-MS. For quantitation purposes, they were isolated by successive chromatographic methods and characterized by mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry. The quantities of these compounds in C. perpulchrum were 5.4% for catechin (P1), and 5.6 and 9.2% for dimers (compounds 2 (P2) and 3 (P3)), respectively. They displayed antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 2.50 ± 0.15 µg/mL (P1), 2.10 ± 0.2 µg/mL (P2) and 2.10 ± 0.1 µg/mL (P3). The total extract, the active fractions and the pure compounds inhibited the lipid peroxidation by the FTC method and the TBARS method in the range of 60%. These values were comparable to those seen for quercetin.

Plasmodium falciparum is the most deadly species of parasite causing malaria in children living in sub-Sahara Africa and constitutes a real problem of public health. Inflammation and immunity are involved in this malaria infection. This present study was undertaken to determine the inflammatory (C reactive protein or CRP, Haptoglobin, Orosomucoïd or AGP) and immunity ( IgG, IgA,IgM) proteins markers concentrations in order to evaluate the immunity and inflammatory proteins secretion concentration and their state in children suffering from Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Patients with positive peripheral blood film for Plasmodium falciparum were compared with subjects without malaria. Giemsa-stained thick blood films were analysed by microscope for plasmodium specie. Haemoglobin and proteins were determined respectively using haematology cell counter and Radial immunodiffusion according to Mancini. Forty seven patients with malaria infection (Plasmodium falciparum) (M/F: 25/22; age 9.7±0.27 yr) and 35 controls (M/F:19/16; age 9.5 ± 0.39 yr) were studied. CRP, AGP, Haptoglobin for inflammatory state and immunoglobins (G, A, M) for immunological markers were determined in malaria children and compared with those of healthy subjects. Results showed that, CRP, AGP and IgM were increased in malaria children for those having high parasite density (exceeding 2000 parasites/ul ) as compared to controls (p<0.01). Parasite density with Plasmodium falciparum is high in children under 5 years old. In the malaria infection (Plasmodium falciparum), CRP and AGP for inflammation markers and IgM for Immunity Makers were disrupted. These disruptions were attributed to the organism defense against Plasmodium falciparum.