Patients with a parapneumonic effusion have the symptoms of acute respiratory infection and frequent concomitant diseases. Further diagnostic and therapeutic treatment depends on pleural fluid features and chest CT finding.

Dexamethasone significantly decreases appetite loss and weight loss in lung cancer patients treated with chemotherapy, while it has no influence on appetite impovement and weight gain.

The patients aged over 65 years hospitalized due to community acquired pneumonia had a statistically significantly higher prognostic score, mortality rate and concomitant diseases than the patients below 65 yeas of age. Most subjects of the older group of patients had two or three comorbidities. Concomitant diseases resulted in a statistically significant hospital mortality elevation. When comborbitities involved chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and decompensated cardiomyopathy, a statistically significant mortality difference was registered in both age groups.

Of the examined subjects, 65% were males and 35% were females, their mean age being 66.4 +/- 8.86, and who were mostly smokers (73%). After the completion Of Applied antibiotic treatment, a significant reduction and normalization of all inflammation markers were recorded, as well as a significant improvement of the patients' subjective symptoms. The positive microbiological sputum findings (Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pneumoniae) were recorded in 13.58% of the patients. The bacterial agent was eradicated on the third day of the applied treatment. The mean length of the treatment was 7.07 +/- 0.91 days, with no undesirable treatment side effects observed CONCLUSION The antibiotic therapy is justifiable as the initial treatment regimen of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation and amoxicillin with clavulanic acid is reported as the first-line antibiotic drug in most pharmacotherapy guidelines.

Human toxocariasis is a rare disease in adults, therefore it should be considered in adult patients presented with eosinophilia and migratory pulmonary infiltrates.